TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

These TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits with Answers Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 1.
The value of the focal length of the lens is equal to the value of the image distance when the rays are ( )
(A) passing through the optic centre
(B) parallel to the principal axis
(C) passing through the focus
(D) in all the cases
Answer:
(B) parallel to the principal axis

Question 2.
Which of the following is the lens maker’s formula? ( )
(A) 1/f=(n-1) (1/R1+1/R2)
(B) 1/f=(n+1) (1/R1-1/R2)
(C) 1/f = (n-1) (1/R1-1/R2)
(D) 1/f=(n+1) (1/R1+1/R2)
Answer:
(C) 1/f = (n-1) (1/R1-1/R2)

Question 3.
The height of the image Is hi and the height of the object is ho; then the magnification of the lens, m = ( )
(A) hi/h0
(B) h0/hi
(C) \(\frac{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}+\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{i}}}{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{i}}} \)
(D) \(\frac{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}+\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{i}}}{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}} \)
Answer:
(A) hi/h0

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 4.
The distance of the Image formed by a convex lens when the object is kept at a distance of 30 cm. is found to be 10 cm. The focal length of the lens is ( )
(A) 15 cm
(B) 20 cm
(C) 7.5 cm
(D) 12 cm
Answer:
(A) 15 cm

Question 5.
The ability of a lens to converge or diverge light rays depends on Its. ( )
(A) radius of curvature
(B) size
(C) focal length
(D) Intensity of light
Answer:
(C) focal length

Question 6.
A lens having two spherical surfaces bulging outwards is called : ( )
(A) double-concave lens
(B) double convex lens
(C) piano-convex lens
(D) plano-concave lens
Answer:
(B) double convex lens

Question 7.
A lens bounded by two spherical surfaces curved inwards is called: ()
(A) Biconcave lens
(B) Biconvex lens
(C) plano-convex lens
(D) Plano concave lens
Answer:
(A) Biconcave lens

Question 8.
When the object Is at the focal point of a convex lens, the image Is formed at ( )
(A) centre of curvature
(B) at the focal point on the other side of lens
(C) infinity
(D) on the same side of the object
Answer:
(C) infinity

Question 9.
If the object is at 2F of a convex lens, the image Is formed at: ( )
(A) 2F
(B) F
(C) F/2
(D) between F and 2 F
Answer:
(A) 2F

Question 10.
Power of a length is – 2D. Its focal length is ( )
(A) 50cm
(B) 2m
(C) 12cm
(D) 0.5m
Answer:
(D) 0.5m

Question 11.
Point size Image Is formed at focal point of a convex lens when the object is ( )
(A) at 2F1
(B) between FT and 2F1
(C) at infinity
(D) between F2 and optic centre
Answer:
(C) at infinity

Question 12.
A point source of light Is placed at a distance of 2f from a converging lens of focal length “f”. The Intensity of li9ht Is maximum at a distance ……………………….. on the other side : ( )
(A) at f
(B) between f and 2 f
(C) at 2f
(D) beyond 2f
Answer:
(D) beyond 2f

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 13.
A helicopter flying vertically above a man in water seems to the man to be its actual distance. ( )
(A) nearer than
(B) farther than
(C) at the same height
(D) none
Answer:
(B) farther than

Question 14.
A thin lens is made of a material having refractive index 1.5; both the sides are bulging outwards. It is dipped in water (n=1.33). It behaves like ( )
(A) convergent lens
(B) a divergent lens
(C) correcting lens
(D) prism
Answer:
(A) convergent lens

Question 15.
For all purposes of application at curved surfaces the distances are measured from ( )
(A) focal point
(B) optic centre
(C) position of image
(D) position of object
Answer:
(B) optic centre

Question 16.
An air bubble in water behaves like a ( )
(A) converging lens
(B) diverging lens
(C) rectifying lens
(D) glass slab
Answer:
(B) diverging lens

Question 17.
The radii of the two spherical surfaces of a double concave lens are 30 cm. and 64 cm. respectively. The refractive index of material of lens = 1.5. The focal length of lens is ( )
(A) 120 cm
(B) -60 cm
(C) -120 cm
(D) 80 cm
Answer:
(C) -120 cm

Question 18.
A convex lens behaves like a ………………… lens when It Is kept in a transparent medium with greater refractive index than that of the lens : ( )
(A) converging
(B) diverging
(C) rectifying
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) diverging

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 19.
The focal length of a lens depends upon : ( )
(A) atmospheric temperature
(B) humidity
(C) surrounding medium
(D) air pressure
Answer:
(C) surrounding medium

Question 20.
The nature of the image obtained when object is placed between focus and optic centre of a biconvex lens : ( )
(A) virtual
(B) erect
(C) magnified
(D) all of A, B & C
Answer:
(D) all of A, B & C

Question 21.
We get a real, inverted and magnified image of object when It is placed …………………… of a convex lens : ( )
(A) at centre of curvature
(B) beyond C
(C) between centre of curvature and F
(D) beyond centre of curvature
Answer:
(C) between centre of curvature and F

Question 22.
Any ray passing along the principal axis of a lens ……………………….. . ( )
(A) bends downwards
(B) bends upwards
(C) Is normal to principal axis
(D) travels undefeated
Answer:
(D) travels undefeated

Question 23.
According to sign convention the focal length of a ……………………….. lens is negative ( )
(A) biconvex
(B) concave
(C) cylindrical
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) concave

Question 24.
The magnification of a lens is found to be (-2). Here the negative sign indicates that the image is ( )
(A) virtual
(B) inverted
(C) real
(D) both B&C
Answer:
(D) both B&C

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 25.
The reciprocal of the focal length of a lens In metres is called ( )
(A) divergence
(B) shift
(C) power
(D) conductance
Answer:
(C) power

Question 26.
We get a real, inverted diminished image of an object when It is placed of a convex lens : ( )
(A) Beyond 2F1
(B) At focus F1
(C) At 2F1
(D) between F1 and 2F1
Answer:
(A) Beyond 2F1

Question 27.
A lens that always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image is ( )
(A) Bi-convex lens
(B) plano-convex lens
(C) concave lens
(D) all of these
Answer:
(C) concave lens

Question 28.
A transparent material bound by two surfaces, of which one or both are spherical is called : ( )
(A) prism
(B) rectangular glass slab
(C) concave mirror
(D) lens
Answer:
(D) lens

Question 29.
The centres of the spheres of which the surfaces of a lens are parts are called: ( )
(A) focal points
(B) null points
(C) centres of curvatures
(D) in centres
Answer:
(C) centres of curvatures

Question 30.
Lenses form mages by the phenomenon of ………………………. of light : ( )
(A) refraction
(B) reflection
(C) diffraction
(D) polarisation
Answer:
(A) refraction

Question 31.
A light ray travelling parallel to the principal axis of a concave lens after refraction ……………………. the principal focus : ( )
(A) converges at
(B) diverges from
(C) passes through
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) diverges from

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 32.
If u=-15 cm; v=30 cm; then magnification of the lens, m =? ( )
(A) +2
(B) -2
(C) ½
(D) -½
Answer:
(B) -2

Question 33.
The focal length of a lens suggested to a patient of hypermetropia is 100 cm. Its power is ( )
(A) 1D
(B) 2D
(C) O.5D
(D) -1D
Answer:
(A) 1D

Question 34.
The heights measured vertically down from points on principal axis are taken as ( )
(A) +ve
(B) -ve
(C) both+ve and -ve
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) -ve

Question 35.
When an object is placed at 2F1 of a biconvex lens, the image is formed ( )
(A) at F2
(B) between F2 and 2F2
(C) at optic centre
(D) at 2F2
Answer:
(D) at 2F2

Question 36.
The size of the image formed by a convex lens when the object Is kept at its 2F1 is: ( )
(A) enlarged
(B) diminished
(C) same size as object
(D) may be enlarged or diminished
Answer:
(C) same size as object

Question 37.
The point at which the refracted ray intersects the principal ax,s of a lens is called …………….. . ( )
(A) optic centre
(B) orthocentre
(C) geocentric
(D) principal focus
Answer:
(D) principal focus

Question 38.
A magnifying glass is a short focus ………………… lens : ( )
(A) concave
(B) convex
(C) Plano concave
(D) cylindrical
Answer:
(A) concave

Question 39.
The nearest point at which an object is seen clearly by the eye is called ………………. of the eye. ( )
(A) farthest point
(B) focal point
(C) nine point
(D) near point
Answer:
(D) near point

Question 40.
The distance between centre of curvature and curved surface of a lens is called …………….. . ( )
(A) principal axis
(B) focal length
(C) radius of curvature
(D) radius of gyration
Answer:
(C) radius of curvature

Question 41.
In case of a plane surface the radius of curvature approaches ( )
(A) 0
(B) +1
(C) -1
(D) infinity
Answer:
(D) infinity

Question 42.
The midpoint of a thin lens is called : ( )
(A) optic centre
(B) pole of lens
(C) principal focus
(D) centre of curvature
Answer:
(A) optic centre

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 43.
The lens formula is; 1/f = ( )
(A) \(\frac{1}{u}-\frac{1}{v} \)
(B) \(\frac{1}{\mathrm{u}}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{v}} \)
(C) \(\frac{1}{\mathrm{v}}-\frac{1}{\mathrm{u}} \)
(D) \(\frac{u+v}{u v} \)
Answer:
(C) \(\frac{1}{\mathrm{v}}-\frac{1}{\mathrm{u}} \)

Question 44.
If a ……………………. lens is kept In a medium with refractive index less than the refractive index of the lens it behaves as a converging lens. ()
(A) convex
(B) concave
(C) cylindrical
(D) plano concave
Answer:
(A) convex

Question 45.
If you get an image which can’t be collected on a screen, but can be seen by the eye we call it ( )
(A) real image
(B) virtual image
(C) enlarged image
(D) diminished image
Answer:
(B) virtual image

Question 46.
The focal length of a lens can be increased by ( )
(A) keeping In vacuum
(B) keeping in water
(C) keeping in alcohol
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) keeping in water

Question 47.
The watchmakers use a ……………………. lens to observe the parts of a watch ()
(A) concave
(B) piano-convex
(C) cylindrical
(D) biconvex
Answer:
(D) biconvex

Question 48.
The focal length of a lens depends on which of the following factors ( )
(A) radius of curvature
(B) material of the lens
(C) medium in which the lens is placed
(D) all the above
Answer:
(D) all the above

Question 49.
Two plano-convex lenses of focal lengths 10 cm and 20 cm are placed In contact with each other. The effective focal length of the combination is ()
(A) 10 cm
(B) 20 cm
(C) 200 cm
(D) 6.67 cm
Answer:
(D) 6.67 cm

Question 50.
A person is standing on the bank of a river. A fish inside water will see the persontobe …………… . ( )
(A) taller
(B) shorter
(C) original height
(D) depends on fish
Answer:
(A) taller

Question 51.
Which of the following lens act as converging lens? ( )
(A) Biconvex lens
(B) Plano-convex lens
(C) Concavo-convex
(D) All the above
Answer:
(D) All the above

Question 52.
D is the power of the lens, then focal length of the lens is ………………………. . ( )
(A) 100
(B) 10
(C) \(\frac{1}{100} \)
(D) \(\frac{1}{10} \)
Answer:
(A) 100

Question 53.
One of the uses of a Concave lens is ……………………….. .( )
(A) as eyepiece in microscope
(B) to focus the Sunlight at a point
(C) to correct Hypermetropia
(D) to correct Myopia
Answer:
(D) to correct Myopia

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 54.
The radius of curvature of a plano-convex lens is doubled without changing the material or medium, Its focal length will be ( )
(A) double
(B) halfed
(C) remains same
(D) insufflcient data
Answer:
(A) double

Question 55.
An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. The image is formed at. ( )
(A) 10 cm
(B) 20 cm
(C) 100 cm
(D) Infinity
Answer:
(D) Infinity

Question 56.
A biconvex lens of focal length 20 cm is cut along a plane perpendicular to principal axis so as to make two plano-convex lenses. The focal length of each plano-convex lens is ( )
(A)20cm
(B) 10cm
(C) 40cm
(D) 5cm
Answer:
(C) 40cm

Question 57.
An object of height 2 cm is placed in front of a convex lens of focal length 15 cm at a distance of 45 cm. The height of the Image formed by the lens is ( )
(A) 1 cm
(B) 2 cm
(C) 3 cm
(D) 4 cm
Answer:
(A) 1 cm

Question 58.
In the lens displacement method of determining the focal length of a convex lens, the separation between the screen and the object should be ( )
(A) greater than or equlal to 2f
(B) greater than or equal to 4f
(C) greater than or equal to f2
(D) greater than or equal to f
Answer:
(B) greater than or equal to 4f

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 4 Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 59.
Dentist uses …………………….. to observe teeth. ( )
(A) concave mirror
(B) concave lens
(C) convex mirror
(D) plane mirror
Answer:
(A) concave mirror

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

These TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits with Answers Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 1.
Which of the following is the most accurate way of showing neutralization? ()
(A) acid+base → acid-base solution
(B) acid+base → salt+water
(C) acid +base → sodium chloride+hydrogen
(D) acid+base → neutral solution
Answer:
(B) acid+base → salt+water

Question 2.
The gas liberated when zinc reacts with dilute HCl is ()
(A) oxygen
(B) nitrogen
(C) carbon dioxide
(D) hydrogen
Answer:
(D) hydrogen

Question 3.
A metal that does not react with hydrochloric acid ( )
(A) Au
(B) Zn
(C) Mg
(D) all
Answer:
(A) Au

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 4.
The acid formed when CO2 is dissolved in water : ( )
(A) carboxyüc acid
(B) cifric acid
(C) carbonic acid
(D) all the above
Answer:
(C) carbonic acid

Question 5.
The salt formed when MgO reacts with sulphuric acid is ( )
(A) Mg3S2
(B) MgO3
(C) MgSO4
(D) MgSO2
Answer:
(C) MgSO4

Question 6.
The gas liberated when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide. ( )
(A) CO2
(B) H2
(C) N2
(D) SO2
Answer:
(B) H2

Question 7.
The acid which gives sour taste to pickles is ( )
(A) nitric acid
(B) sulphuric acid
(C) oxalic acid
(D) acetic acid
Answer:
(D) acetic acid

Question 8.
The acid formed when N2O5 is dissolved in water : ( )
(A) nitrous acid
(B) carbonic acid
(C) oxalic acid
(D) nitric acid
Answer:
(D) nitric acid

Question 9.
When sodium oxide es dissolved In water we get : ( )
(A) NaOH
(B) NaH2
(C) NaCl
(D) Na(OH)2
Answer:
(A) NaOH

Question 10.
A non-metallic oxide among the following is : ( )
(A) Na2O
(B) CaO
(C) N2O3
(D) K2O
Answer:
(C) N2O3

Question 11.
The nature of CaO is ( )
(A) acidic
(B) neutral
(C) amphoteric
(D) basic
Answer:
(D) basic

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 12.
Litmus solution Is a dye extracted from: ( )
(A) eggshells
(B) blood of leaches
(C) lichen
(D) blood of crabs
Answer:
(C) lichen

Question 13.
The salt formed when zinc pieces react with dilute HC1 : ( )
(A) ZnO
(B) ZnCl2
(C) Zn2Cl3
(D) Zn(OH)2
Answer:
(B) ZnCl2

Question 14.
Baking powder contains a mild edible acid called ( )
(A) tartaric acid
(B) oxalic acid
(C) carbonic acid
(D) palmitic acid
Answer:
(A) tartaric acid

Question 15.
The precipitate formed when CO2 is passed through lime water : ( )
(A) CaCO3
(B) CaHCO3
(C) Ca(HCO3)2
(D) CaCl2
Answer:
(A) CaCO3

Question 16.
The balanced equation showing the reaction between copper oxide and Hydrochloric acId. ( )
(A) CuO+2HCl → Cu(OH)2+Cl2
(B) CuO+2HCl → CuHOCI+O2
(C) CuO+2HCl → CuCl2+ H2O
(D) CuO+2HCl → CuHCl+O2
Answer:
(C) CuO+2HCl → CuCl2+ H2O

Question 17.
These oxides are generally acidic in nature: ( )
(A) metallic oxides
(B) non-metallic oxides
(C) neutral oxides
(D) Amphoteric oxides
Answer:
(B) non-metallic oxides

Question 18.
The acid obtained when common salt reacts with dilute sulphuric acid is( )
(A) nitric acid
(B) carbonic acid
(C) citric acid
(D) hydrochloric add
Answer:
(D) hydrochloric add

Question 19.
Buttermilk contains the following acid : ( )
(A) citric acid
(B) tactic acid
(C) butyric acid
(D) carbonic acid
Answer:
(B) tactic acid

Question 20.
The vitamin which is mostly present In citric acid : ( )
(A) vitamin A
(B) vitamin B12
(C) vitamin E
(D) vitamin C
Answer:
(D) vitamin C

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 21.
The substance that does not show acidic property when dissolved In water: ( )
(A) HCl gas
(B) CO2 gas
(C) SO2 gas
(D) glucose
Answer:
(D) glucose

Question 22.
The pH of blood is about ( )
(A) 4.8 to 7.5
(B) 6.4 to 6.9
(C) 7.32 to 7.45
(D) 1 to 2
Answer:
(C) 7.32 to 7.45

Question 23.
The concentration of H ions in a solution whose pH is 8. ( )
(A) log 10-8
(B) 108
(C) 810
(D) 10-8
Answer:
(D) 10-8

Question 24.
If bases are heated we get : ( )
(A) non-metallic oxides
(B) metallic oxides
(C) neutral oxides
(D) amphoteric oxides
Answer:
(D) amphoteric oxides

Question 25.
pH= ( )
(A) -log [H+]
(B) \(\frac{1}{\log \left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]} \)
(C) \(-\frac{1}{\log \left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]} \)
(D) both A & B
Answer:
(A) -log [H+]
(B) \(\frac{1}{\log \left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]} \)

Question 26.
A common substance which behaves as a base in aqueous solution ( )
(A) CO2
(B) ZnO
(C) NH3
(D) P2O5
Answer:
(C) NH3

Question 27.
Common salt Is obtained by the neutralization of sodium hydroxide with ( )
(A) nitric acid
(B) carbonic acid
(C) sulphuric acid
(D) hydrochloric acid
Answer:
(D) hydrochloric acid

Question 28.
The substances which are soapy to touch ( )
(A) acids
(B) alcohols
(C) diamonds
(D) bases
Answer:
(D) bases

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 29.
Which of the following has the highest pH value? ( )
(A) lemon Juice
(B) grape Juice
(C) urine
(D) blood
Answer:
(B) grape Juice

Question 30.
Identify the base among: ( )
(A) SO2
(B) SO3
(C) NH3
(D) P2O5
Answer:
(C) NH3

Question 31.
The anhydride of Carbonic acid ( )
(A) CO2
(B) CO
(C) SO2
(D) N2O3
Answer:
(A) CO2

Question 32.
The pH range of acids is ( )
(A) 7 to 14
(B) 0 to 14
(C) 5 to 12
(D) 0 to 7
Answer:
(D) 0 to 7

Question 33.
The pH range of bases is ( )
(A) 0 to 14
(B) 7 to 14
(C) 5 to 12
(D) 10 to 7
Answer:
(B) 7 to 14

Question 34.
The antacid tablets contain ( )
(A) strong acid
(B) strong base
(C) weak acid
(D) weak base
Answer:
(D) weak base

Question 35.
Aqueous solutions of non-metallic oxides are : ( )
(A) bases
(B) acids
(C) salts
(D) hydrides
Answer:
(B) acids

Question 36.
The pH of gastric Juice ês ( )
(A) O
(B) 7
(C) >7
(D) <7
Answer:
(D) <7

Question 37.
“NaOH is a strong base” – the reason is ( )
(A) It gives large number of Na+ ions
(B) its ionization Is less
(C) gives large number of H+ ions
(D) none of these
Answer:
(A) It gives large number of Na+ ions

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 38.
The negative logarithm of hydrogen ion molar concentration in a solution is called ( )
(A) Avogadro numter
(B) oxidation number
(C) pH
(D) molarity
Answer:
(C) pH

Question 39.
Acids form the following ions In water ( )
(A) H3O
(B) OH
(C) H+
(D) HO2
Answer:
(A) H3O

Question 40.
To prevent tooth decay we have to use toothpastes more of ……………………… nature. ( )
(A) acidic
(B) basic
(C) saltish
(D) neutral
Answer:
(B) basic

Question 41.
The ionic compounds which are produced by the neutralization of acid with base are ( )
(A) alkalies
(B) de-odourants
(C) antacids
(D) salts
Answer:
(D) salts

Question 42.
Aqueous solution of sodium chloride is called : ( )
(A) hypo
(B) brine
(C) phenol
(D) alcohol
Answer:
(B) brine

Question 43.
The chemical formula of Baking soda : ( )
(A) NaHCO3
(B) Na2CO3
(C) Na2SO4
(D) Na2S2O3
Answer:
(A) NaHCO3

Question 44.
The chemical formula of bleaching powder: ( )
(A) Ca(OH)2
(B) CaHCO3
(C) CaOCl2
(D) NaHCO3
Answer:
(C) CaOCl2

Question 45.
The salt used in removing permanent hardness of water ( )
(A) sodium hydrogen carbonate
(B) sodium thiosulphate
(C) sodium chloride
(D) sodium carbonate
Answer:
(D) sodium carbonate

Question 46.
The number of water molecules present in one formula unit of sodium carbonate : ( )
(A) 5
(B) 10
(C) 7
(D) 2
Answer:
(B) 10

Question 47.
The chemical formula of hydrated copper sulphate is : ( )
(A) CuSO4.7H2O
(B) CuSO4.10H2O
(C) CuSO4.2H2O
(D) CuSO4.5H2O
Answer:
(D) CuSO4.5H2O

Question 48.
The common name of calcium sulphate hemihydrate is ( )
(A) Plaster of paris
(B) Blue vitriol
(C) Baking soda
(D) Hypo
Answer:
(A) Plaster of Paris

Question 49.
Baking soda on heating Is converted into: ( )
(A) alum
(B) washing soda
(C) caustic soda
(D) hypo
Answer:
(B) washing soda

Question 50.
The chemical formula of milk of magnesia is ( )
(A) MgCO3
(B) MgCl
(C) Mg(OH)2
(D) MgSO4
Answer:
(C) Mg(OH)2

Question 51.
Which of the following elements forms an acidic oxide? ( )
(A) Mg
(B) Na
(C) P
(D) Al
Answer:
(C) P

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 52.
pH for base is more than ………….. . ( )
(A) 4
(B) 3
(C) 7
(D) 5
Answer:
(C) 7

Question 53.
H2O+ …………………….. → H3O+ ( )
(A) H+
(B) OH
(C) H2O
(D) H3O
Answer:
(A) H+

Question 54.
Which of the following substance has the lowest pH value? ( )
(A) sugar
(B) tomato juice
(C) vineger
(D) washing soda
Answer:
(C) vineger

Question 55.
The acid forms In stomach is …………………………… ( )
(A) HCl
(B) H2SO4
(C) CH3COOH
(D) HNO3
Answer:
(A) HCl

Question 56.
Many salts absorb water from atmosphere this property is called ………………….. .()
(A) Crystallisatlon
(B) Hydration
(C) Deliquenscene
(D) Efflorescene
Answer:
(A) Crystallisatlon

Question 57.
Non-metallIc oxides are …………………….. In nature. ( )
(A) neutral
(B) basic
(C) acidic
(D) non-metallic
Answer:
(C) acidic

Question 58.
The acidity of acids Is formed due to ……………………. produced. ( )
(A) H+ or H3O+ ions
(B) OH ions
(C)Cl
(D) Mg2+
Answer:
(A) H+ or H3O+ ions

Question 59.
The acid is …………………… ( )
(A) dry HCl gas
(B) NaOH solution
(C) Na2SO4
(D) Aqueous solution of HCl
Answer:
(D) Aqueous solution of HCl

Question 60.
Weak acid is ………………… ( )
(A) HCl
(B) NaOH
(C) Mg(OH)2
(D) CH3COOH
Answer:
(D) CH3COOH

Question 61.
ApproxImate pH value of milk is …………….. . ( )
(A) 3.4
(B) 6.6
(C) 7.5
(D) 9
Answer:
(B) 6.6

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 62.
…………………… is produced by the action of chlorine on dry slaked lime. ( )
(A) Bleaching powder
(B) Washing soda
(C) Baking soda
(D) Sodium chloride
Answer:
(A) Bleaching powder

Question 63.
The calcium sulphate hemi hydrate is …………………….. . ( )
(A) Gypsum
(B) Slaked lime
(C) Plaster of Paris
(D) Quick lime
Answer:
(C) Plaster of Paris

Question 64.
On dissolving bases In water produces …………………. ions. ( )
(A) hydrogen
(B) hydroxide
(C) chlorine
(D) magnesium
Answer:
(B) hydroxide

Question 65.
Acid rain occurs when pH value of rain water is less than ……………………….. .
(A) 6.5
(B) 5.6
(C) 7.2
(D) 2.7
Answer:
(B) 5.6

Question 66.
………………………. is a mild non-corrosive base.
(A) Baking soda
(B) Bleaching Powder
(C) Plaster of Paris
(D) Gypsum
Answer:
(A) Baking soda

Question 67.
Litmus solution is a dye extracted from ………………. . ( )
(A) Tree
(B) Aloevera
(C) Uchen
(D) Litmus
Answer:
(C) Uchen

Question 68.
To overcome Indigestion problem ……………………… tablets are used. ( )
(A) antacid
(B) paracetamol
(C) aspirin
(D) acidity
Answer:
(A) antacid

Question 69.
The process of dissolving an acid or a base in water is an ……………… process.
(A) exothermic
(B) endothermic
(C) neutralisation
(D) oxidation
Answer:
(A) exothermic

Question 70.
Acids or bases are mixed with ………………………. to dilute. ( )
(A) water
(B) carbon
(C) each other
(D) oxygen
Answer:
(A) water

Question 71.
As the pH value increases from 7, it represents a ……………….. in H3O+ ion concentration. ( )
(A) increase
(B) decrease
(C) disappearance
(D) addition
Answer:
(B) decrease

Question 72.
If pH of rain water is less than 5.6, it is called …………………… ( )
(A) water
(B) heavy rain
(C) normal rain
(D) acid rain
Answer:
(B) heavy rain

Question 73.
Chemical formula of common salt is …………………….. . ( )
(A) Na2CO3
(B) NaCl
(C) NaHCO3
(D) CaSO4
Answer:
(B) NaCl

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 74.
The reagent used in the preparation of chloroform is …………………….. . ( )
(A) CaOCl2
(B) CaSO4
(C) NaHCO3
(D) Na2CO3
Answer:
(A) CaOCl2

Question 75.
One of the ingredlants in antacids is …………………. . ( )
(A) Na2CO3
(B) CaOCl2
(C) CaSO4
(D) NaHCO3
Answer:
(D) NaHCO3

Question 76.
…………………… are sour to taste ard turn blue litmus to …………………. . ( )
(A) Bases, red
(B) Bases, blue
(C) Acids, red
(D) Acids, blue
Answer:
(C) Acids, red

Question 77.
…………………….. is example of synthetic indicator. ( )
(A) Acid
(B) Red litmus
(C) Blue litmus
(D) Phenolphthalein
Answer:
(D) Phenolphthalein

Question 78.
When base reacts with metal ………………………. gas is evolved. ( )
(A) O
(B) H2
(C) Cl2
(D) CO2
Answer:
(B) H2

Question 79.
Non-metallic oxides are ……………………. in nature. ( )
(A) acidic
(B) basic
(C) neutral
(D) effervescence
Answer:
(A) acidic

Question 80.
Mixing an acid or base with water is a process called …………….. . ( )
(A) dilution
(B) concentration
(C) addition
(D) substitution
Answer:
(A) dilution

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 81.
The pH value In acidic solution is ………………….. . ( )
(A) 7
(B) >7
(C) <7
(D) No value
Answer:
(C) <7

Question 82.
Acids that give less H3O+ ions are said to be ………………… . ( )
(A) strong acid
(B) strong base
(C) weak base
(D) weak acid
Answer:
(D) weak acid

Question 83.
Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is lower than …………………….. . ( )
(A) 6.3
(B) 7.2
(C) 8.5
(D) 5.5
Answer:
(D) 5.5

Question 84.
…………………………… is also known as table salt or common salt. ( )
(A) sodium chloride
(B) sodium carbonate
(C) sodium hydrogen carbonate
(D) magnesium chloride
Answer:
(A) sodium chloride

Question 85.
Bleaching powder is produced by the action of …………………… on dry slaked lime. ( )
(A) sodium
(B) chlorine
(C) magnesium
(D) hydrogen
Answer:
(B) chlorine

Question 86.
(1) Acid (A) Red cabbage solution ( )
(2) Base (B) Na2CO3
(3) Neutral (C) MgO
(4) Indicator (D) CO2
(5) SaIt (E) NaCI
(A) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-E, 5-D
(B) 1-C, 2-B, 3-A, 4-D, 5-E
(C) 1-D, 2-C, 3-E, 4-A, 5-B
(D) 1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B, 5-E
Answer:
(C) 1-D, 2-C, 3-E, 4-A, 5-B

Question 87.
Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating indigestion ( )
(A) antibiotic
(B) analgesic
(C) antacid
(D) antiseptic
Answer:
(C) antacid

Question 88.
Many salts absorb water from atmosphere. This property is called ( )
(A) crystallisation
(B) hydration
(C) deliquescence
(D) efflorescence
Answer:
(C) deliquescence

Question 89.
The natural Indicator among the following is ( )
(A) phenolphthalein
(B) Methyl orange
(C) Methyl red
(D) Litmus
Answer:
(D) Litmus

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 3 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Question 90.
An aqueous solution of sodium acetate will turn ( )
(A) Methyl orange yellow
(B) Red litmus blue
(C) Phenolphthaleiri solution pink
(D) all of these
Answer:
(D) all of these

Question 91.
An aqueous solution of which of the following substances will conduct electric current? ( )
(A) ethyl alcohol
(B) acetic acid
(C) acetone
(D) ethen
Answer:
(B) acetic acid

Question 92.
The acid formed In stomach which help in digestion is a dilute solution of ()
(A) HCl
(B) H2SO4
(C) CH3COOH
(D) Citric acid
Answer:
(C) CH3COOH

Question 93.
A few drops of methyl orange are added to a soap solution the colour of the solution becomes ( )
(A) Orange
(B) Yellow
(C) Pink
(D) Remains colourless
Answer:
(B) Yellow

Question 94.
A solution turned pink when a drop of phenolphthalein was added to it. Then the probable pH of that solution is …………………….. .( )
(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 7
(D) 10
Answer:
(D) 10

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations

These TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits with Answers Chapter 2 Chemical Equations will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations

Question 1.
What happens when die. Hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings. ( )
(A) hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced
(B) chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced
(C) no reaction takes place
(D) iron salt and water are produced
Answer:
(A) hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced

Question 2.
In the chemical reaction TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations 1 the symbol Δ represents ( )
(A) compressing
(B) heating
(C) cooling
(D) smelting
Answer:
(B) heating

Question 3.
The reaction is which heat is absorbed is called ( )
(A) exothermic reaction
(B) endothermic reation
(C) catalytic reaction
(D) reversible reaction
Answer:
(B) endothermic reaction

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations

Question 4.
Identify the exothermic reaction among the following. ( )
(A) C+O2 → CO2
(B) N2+O2 → 2NO
(C) CaO+H2O → Ca(OH)2
(D) all the above
Answer:
(A) C+O2 → CO2

Question 5.
Atomic mass of oxygen ( )
(A) 8U
(B) 23U
(C) 27U
(D) 16U
Answer:
(D) 16U

Question 6.
Chemical reactions occur with the ……………………. of chemical bonds. ( )
(A) formation
(B) breaking
(C) both A&B
(D) none
Answer:
(B) breaking

Question 7.
The metal formed when zinc reacts with AgNO3 is ( )
(A) Au
(B) Ag
(C) Al
(D) Cu
Answer:
(B) Ag

Question 8.
The substances that are present on right side of a chemical equation are called; ( )
(A) reactants
(B) oxidants
(C) reductants
(D) products
Answer:
(D) products

Question 9.
The formula of hypochlorous acid is ( )
(A) HCl
(B) H2SO4
(C) HOCl
(D) H2Cl3
Answer:
(C) HOCl

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations

Question 10.
Every gas at STP occupies 22.4 liters and it ¡s known as ( )
(A) gram molecular weight
(B) gram equivalent weight
(C) gram molecular mass
(D) gram molecular volume
Answer:
(D) gram molecular volume

Question 11.
Burning of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is a ………………….. change. ( )
(A) physical
(B) chemical
(C) both A&B
(D) neither physical nor chemical
Answer:
(B) chemical

Question 12.
Identify the balanced equatIon among ( )
(A) H2+O2 → 2H2O
(B) H2+O2 → 2HO2
(C) 2H2+O2 → 2H2O
(D) H2+2O2 → H2O4
Answer:
(C) 2H2+O2 → 2H2O

Question 13.
In exothermic reactions, heat energy is ( )
(A) absorbed
(B) created
(C) released
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) released

Question 14.
What happens when dli hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Choose the correct answer. ( )
(A) hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced
(B) chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced
(C) no reaction takes place
(D) iron salt and water are produced
Answer:
(C) no reaction takes place

Question 15.
Downward arrow (↓) In a chemical equation indicates ( )
(A) Direction
(B) Gas
(C) Precipitation
(D) No reaction
Answer:
(C) Precipitation

Question 16.
Which of the following is a skeleton reaction? ( )
(A) C3H8+O2 → CO2+H2O
(B) Fe2O3+2Al→ 2Fe+Al2O3
(C) AgNO3+Nacl → AgCl+NaNo3
(D) Ca(OH)2+CO2 → CaCO3+H2O
Answer:
(A) C3H8+O2 → CO2+H2O

Question 17.
A solution of sodium carbonate reacts with Ca(OH)2 to give ( )
(A) CaCO3
(B) NaOH
(C) both A and B
(D) Cao
Answer:
(C) both A and B

Question 18.
C6H2O6+6O2 → …………. + 6H2O+Q ( )
(A) CO2
(B) 6CO2
(C) 3CO2
(D) 4CO2
Answer:
(B) 6CO2

Question 19.
Na2SO4+ ………………. → BaSO4+2NaCl ( )
(A) BaCl2
(B) 2BaCl
(C) Ba2Cl
(D) BaCl
Answer:
(A) BaCl2

Question 20.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations 2 …………… ( )
(A) 2O2
(B) 2O3
(C) O2
(D) 3O2
Answer:
(D) 3O2

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations

Question 21.
The reaction Zn + H2SO4 →ZnSO4+H2 represents reaction. ( )
(A) Combination
(B) double displacement
(C) displacement
(D) decomposition
Answer:
(C) displacement

Question 22.
A balanced equation contains ( )
(A) Equal number of moles of reactants and products
(B) Equal number of molecules of reactants and products
(C) Equal number of atoms of different elements on reactant side and product side
(D) All the above
Answer:
(D) All the above

Question 23.
The number of molecules present in 1g of Hydrogen is ( )
(A) 6 x 1023
(B) 3 x 1023
(C) 1 x 1023
(D) 2 x 1023
Answer:
(B) 3 x 1023

Question 24.
Choose double displacement reaction ( )
(A) X+YZ → XZ+Y
(B) X+Y→XY
(C) XYZ→XY + Z
(D) XV + AB → AX + BY
Answer:
(D) XV + AB → AX + BY

Question 25.
Which information is not conveyed by a balanced equation? ( )
(A) Symbols and formulae of all the substances involved in a particular reaction.
(B) Number of atoms/molecules of the reactants and products involved
(C) Physical states of reactants and products
(D) Whether a particular reaction is actually possible or not.
Answer:
(C) Physical states of reactants and products

Question 26.
Which of the following is not a balanced equation? ( )
(A) Fe + Cl2 →FeCl3
(B) Zn +S → ZnS
(C) Mg + CuSO4 → MgSO4 + Cu
(D) NaOH + HCl → NaCl+ H2O
Answer:
(A) Fe + Cl2 →FeCl3

Question 27.
Which of the following gases indicates the brown fumes liberating in the boiling tube, when lead nitrate is heated? ( )
(A) H2
(B) O2
(C) CO2
(D) NO2
Answer:
(D) NO2

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 2 Chemical Equations

Question 28.
The reaction that takes place when quicklime is added to water is ( )
(A) displacement reaction
(B) gas liberating reaction
(C) heat liberating reaction
(D) combustion reaction
Answer:
(C) heat liberating reaction

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

These TS 10th Class Telugu Bits with Answers 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

బహుళైచ్ఛిక ప్రశ్నలు (\(\frac{1}{2}\) మార్కు)

PAPER – I : PART – B

1. సొంతవాక్యాలు (1 మార్కు)

ప్రశ్న 1.
కల్లోలం : ……………………….
జవాబు:
కోస్తా తీరంలో తుఫాను కల్లోలం రేపింది.

ప్రశ్న 2.
పసందు : ………………..
జవాబు:
సంక్రాంతి పిండి వంటలు పసందుగా ఉన్నాయి.

ప్రశ్న 3.
క్షేత్రం : ………………………..
జవాబు:
తెలంగాణలో యాదగిరిగుట్ట పుణ్యక్షేత్రంగా విరాజిల్లు తోంది.

ప్రశ్న 4.
ఎత్తుల కెదుగు : ………………………
జవాబు:
అసమర్థులు ఊహలతో ఎత్తుకెదుగుటకు ప్రయత్నిస్తారు.

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 5.
అంగలార్చు : …………………………….
జవాబు:
కొందరు కోపంతో ఇరుతలపై అంగలార్చుదురు.

2. అర్థాలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
డాక్టర్లు రోగులకు ప్రాణం పోస్తూ ఉన్నారు. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం గుర్తించండి.)
A) జీవం ఇవ్వడం
B) జీవం తీయటం
C) క్రమ్ము
D) మూగు
జవాబు:
A) జీవం ఇవ్వడం

ప్రశ్న 2.
విద్యార్థులు విద్యను యజ్ఞంగా చేయాలి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం గుర్తించండి.)
A) అసెంబ్లీ
B) దీక్షగా చేయు
C) కోరిక
D) మూగు
జవాబు:
B) దీక్షగా చేయు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 3.
రోగులపై చీమలు ముసురుకొన్నాయి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం గుర్తించండి.)
A) రక్తం
B) కన్పించాయి
C) మూగుతున్నాయి
D) జీవం
జవాబు:
C) మూగుతున్నాయి

ప్రశ్న 4.
తల్లడిల్లి – పదానికి అర్థం
A) సొంతరాష్ట్రం
B) విలవిలలాడు
C) భయపడిపోవు
D) అంగీకారం
జవాబు:
B) విలవిలలాడు

ప్రశ్న 5.
తెలంగాణ సంస్కృతి ఎంతో ఉత్కృష్టమైంది – గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం గుర్తించండి.
A) పూజ్యమైనది
B) రమ్యమైనది
C) భవ్యమైనది
D) శ్రేష్టమైనది
జవాబు:
D) శ్రేష్టమైనది

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 6.
ఆస్తిత్వం – పదానికి అర్థం
A) ఉనికి
B) మునిగి
C) పోలిక
D) మురికి
జవాబు:
A) ఉనికి

ప్రశ్న 7.
సంక్షోభం అంటే అర్థం
A) స్నేహం
B) కలత
C) మడత
D) నడత
జవాబు:
B) కలత

ప్రశ్న 8.
తల్లడిల్లిపోవు అనే పదానికి అర్థం
A) తలక్రిందు కావడం
B) కలత చెందడం
C) వెళ్ళిపోవడం
D) ఆలోచించడం
జవాబు:
B) కలత చెందడం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 9.
ఆకాశం నుండి తారలు దిగి వచ్చాయి – గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థాన్ని గుర్తించండి.
A) సినిమా స్త్రీలు
B) దేవతా స్త్రీలు
C) గ్రహాలు
D) నక్షత్రాలు
జవాబు:
D) నక్షత్రాలు

ప్రశ్న 10.
ముందుగా రాసుకొన్న ప్రసంగం వల్ల తప్పులు దొర్లవు – గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థాన్ని గుర్తించండి.
A) వ్యాసం
B) ఉపన్యాసం
C) సంగతి
D) పాఠం
జవాబు:
B) ఉపన్యాసం

ప్రశ్న 11.
హర్షణీయం – అనే పదానికి అర్థం.
A) విచారించదగినది
B) సంతోషించదగినది
C) ఆలోచించదగినది
D) తొలగించతగినది
జవాబు:
B) సంతోషించదగినది

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 12.
చాలా ఎక్కువ కాలం – అనే అర్థం వచ్చే పదం.
A) సుదీర్ఘకాలం
B) అచిరకాలం
C) పురాతనము
D) పొడవైనది
జవాబు:
A) సుదీర్ఘకాలం

ప్రశ్న 13.
కృష్ణానదికి వెళ్ళి ఉపస్పర్శము చేయుము. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం)
A) అర్ఘ్యము
B) తలస్నానం
C) స్నాన ఆచమనాలు
D) మునగడం
జవాబు:
D) మునగడం

ప్రశ్న 14.
వారి సఖ్యత అమోఘము. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం)
A) విరోధం
B) స్నేహం
C) కలయిక
D) కాపురం
జవాబు:
B) స్నేహం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 15.
మా తండ్రిగారి మాటలు హర్షణీయంగా ఉన్నది. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి అర్థం)
A) గంభీరం
B) విచారకరం
C) సంతోషదాయకం
D) ఏదీకాదు
జవాబు:
C) సంతోషదాయకం

3. పర్యాయపదాలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
తూర్పున ఇంద్రధనుస్సు వచ్చింది. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.)
A) దివాకరుడు, భానుడు
B) ఎద, ఎడద
C) పీడ, బాధ
D) శక్రధనువు, ఐరావతం
జవాబు:
D) శక్రధనువు, ఐరావతం

ప్రశ్న 2.
హృదయమున మంచి ఆలోచనలు రావాలి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.)
A) ఎద, డెందము
B) అచల, ధరణి
C) భానుడు, భాస్కరుడు
D) పీడ, బాధ
జవాబు:
A) ఎద, డెందము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 3.
తెలంగాణ భూమి వీరభూమి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.)
A) అచల, ధరణి
B) భానుడు, పీడ
C) కష్టం, అడుము
D) బ్రతుకు, గాలి
జవాబు:
A) అచల, ధరణి

ప్రశ్న 4.
సంస్కరణలు, బాగుచేయడం – అనే పదాలకు సమా నార్థక పదం
A) మంచి ఆలోచన
B) చావు
C) రూపుమాపడం
D) చెడ్డ ఆలోచన
జవాబు:
C) రూపుమాపడం

ప్రశ్న 5.
ప్రశంస ద్వారా విద్యార్థులను సరిదిద్దవచ్చును – గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.
A) పొగడ్త, స్తోత్రం
B) దారి, మార్గం
C) బాధ, దుఃఖం
D) దేవాలయం, గుడి
జవాబు:
A) పొగడ్త, స్తోత్రం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 6.
“రాత్రి” అనే పదానికి పర్యాయపదం కానిది
A) నిశీధి
B) నిశ
C) పక్షము
D) రజని
జవాబు:
C) పక్షము

ప్రశ్న 7.
“లోకము, జగత్తు, ఇహము” పర్యాయపదాలుగా గల పదం
A) విశృంఖల
B) ప్రపంచము
C) పరలోకము
D) నేల
జవాబు:
B) ప్రపంచము

ప్రశ్న 8.
ఆనందంతో కూడా కంటివెంట భాష్పాలు రాలు తాయి. గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.
A) అశ్రువులు,కన్నీరు
B) పుష్పాలు, ఆవిరి
C) చుక్కలు, జలము
D) బయర్లుకమ్ము, జిగేలుమను
జవాబు:
D) బయర్లుకమ్ము, జిగేలుమను

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 9.
ప్రతి ఊరిలో గుడి తప్పక ఉంటుంది గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.
A) పాడి, మడి
B) దేవళము, దేవుళ్ళు
C) కోవెల, కోనేరు
D) దేవళము, కోవెల
జవాబు:
D) దేవళము, కోవెల

ప్రశ్న 10.
“హృదయము” అనే పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు గుర్తించండి.
A) గుండె, మనస్సు
B) ఎద, దయ
C) డెందము, అందం
D) అంతరంగము, తరంగాలు
జవాబు:
A) గుండె, మనస్సు

ప్రశ్న 11.
“స్వేచ్ఛ, స్వైరము” పర్యాయపదాలుగా గల పదం
A) స్వతంత్రము
B) ఇష్టం వచ్చినట్లు
C) కట్టుబాటు
D) స్వేదం
జవాబు:
A) స్వతంత్రము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 12.
స్మరణ ద్వారా అవగాహన పెరుగుతుంది. గుర్తు పెట్టు కొంటే అవసరానికి జ్ఞప్తికి వస్తాయి. పై వాక్యంలో పర్యాయపదాలు ఉన్న పదం.
A) సంస్మరణ
B) అవగాహన
C) జ్ఞాపకం
D) అవసరం
జవాబు:
C) జ్ఞాపకం

ప్రశ్న 13.
ఈ కాలంలో బీజములు వేస్తే మొక్కలు బాగుగా పెరుగుతాయి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు)
A) మొక్క, మొలక
B) విత్తనము, విత్తు
C) అంకురం, మొక్క
D) విత్తనము, పైరు
జవాబు:
B) విత్తనము, విత్తు

ప్రశ్న 14.
పట్టణములోని ఏ అంగన కూడా కరుణించలేదు. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదం)
A) స్త్రీ, పురుషుడు
B) మహిళ, పుణ్యవతి
C) తేఱవ, వనిత
D) స్త్రీ, పుణ్యవతి
జవాబు:
C) తేఱవ, వనిత

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 15.
ఆ ఉద్యానవనమంతా పుష్పములు నిండుగా విర బూసాయి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి పర్యాయపదాలు)
A) పూవు, సుమము
B) పూవు, జలజం
C) మల్లి, సుమము
D) పూవు, పద్మము
జవాబు:
A) పూవు, సుమము

4. వ్యుత్పత్త్యర్థాలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
సౌధము ఆకాశాన్నంటుతున్నది. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి వ్యుత్పత్త్యర్థ పదం గుర్తించండి.)
A) సుధతో నిర్మింపబడునది
B) భాషించునది
C) సత్పురుషులలో ఉండునది
D) గురువు
జవాబు:
A) సుధతో నిర్మింపబడునది

ప్రశ్న 2.
సత్పురుషులయందు పుట్టునది. (దీనికి సరిపడు వ్యుత్పత్త్యర్థ పదం గుర్తించండి.)
A) సౌధము
B) సంతానం
C) సంప్రదాయం
D) సత్యము
జవాబు:
D) సత్యము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 3.
గురుపరంపరచేతను వంశక్రమము చేతను వచ్చిన వాడున్ (దీనికి సరిపోవు వ్యుత్పత్త్యర్థ పదం గుర్తించండి.
A) సంప్రదాయం
B) గురువు
C) సంతానం
D) సౌధము
జవాబు:
A) సంప్రదాయం

ప్రశ్న 4.
“క్షరములు కానివి” – దీనికి వ్యుత్పత్తి పదం
A) క్షారములు
B) ఆమ్లములు
C) అక్షరములు
D) వసంతాలు
జవాబు:
C) అక్షరములు

ప్రశ్న 5.
“నాశనము లేనిది” – అనే వ్యుత్పత్తి గల పదం
A) క్షరము
B) ప్రత్యక్షము
C) అక్షరము
D) దారి
జవాబు:
C) అక్షరము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 6.
“సూర్యాదిగ్రహములచే అంతటను ప్రకాశించునది” – అనే వ్యుత్పత్తి గల పదం
A) నక్షత్రాలు
B) ఆకాశం
C) విశ్వం
D) అంతర్యామి
జవాబు:
B) ఆకాశం

ప్రశ్న 7.
“హృదయము” – అను పదానికి సరియైన వ్యుత్పత్తి అర్థం
A) దయతో నిండినది
B) హరించగలది
C) హరింపబడునది
D) రంజింప చేయునది
జవాబు:
C) హరింపబడునది

ప్రశ్న 8.
మన భాష ఇతరులకు అర్థం కావాలి · గీత గీసిన పదానికి వ్యుత్పత్తి అర్థం గుర్తించండి.
A) భషించబడునది
B) భాషింపబడునది
C) భుజింపదగినది
D) బోధ చేయతగినది
జవాబు:
B) భాషింపబడునది

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 9.
పరాశర మహర్షి కుమారుడు. (వ్యుత్పత్త్యర్థ పదము)
A) కణ్వుడు
B) శుక్రమహర్షి
C) పారాశర్యుడు
D) వశిష్ఠుడు
జవాబు:
C) పారాశర్యుడు

ప్రశ్న 10.
చిగురు వంటి శరీరం కలది. (వ్యుత్పర్యర్థ పదం)
A) పల్లవ పాణి
B) చిగురుబోడి
C) లతా తవ్వి
D) పల్లవదేహ
జవాబు:
D) పల్లవదేహ

5. నానార్థాలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
ఒక దిక్కు, లేఖ అనే నానార్థాలున్న పదం (June ’18)
A) టెలిగ్రామ్
B) ఉత్తరము
C) ఫేస్బుక్
D) వాట్సాప్
జవాబు:
B) ఉత్తరము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 2.
భారతదేశ ముఖచిత్రము 29వ రాష్ట్రంగా తెలంగాణ ఆవిర్భవించింది. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి గుర్తించండి.)
A) వర్గం, సంతానం
B) గాలి, రసం
C) ఆశ్చర్యం, చిత్తరువు
D) రాష్ట్రం, దేశం
జవాబు:
C) ఆశ్చర్యం, చిత్తరువు

ప్రశ్న 3.
సాహిత్యము – అన్న పదానికి నానార్థాలు
A) కలయిక, వాజ్మయము
B) భాష, సారస్వతము
C) గేయం, కథ
D) గానామృతం, భాషామృతం
జవాబు:
B) భాష, సారస్వతము

ప్రశ్న 4.
మూడు అనే పదానికి నానార్థాలు (June ’18)
A) ఒక సంఖ్య, కాలం చెల్లు
B) ఒక సంఖ్య, ఒక అంకె
C) ఒక అంకె, ఒక రాశి
D) ఒక పదం ఒక అంకె
జవాబు:
A) ఒక సంఖ్య, కాలం చెల్లు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 5.
తురుష్కుల పాలనలో దేశం అశాంతికి నిలయంగా మారింది గీత గీసిన పదానికి నానార్థాలు గుర్తించండి.
A) యోగ్య, భాగ్యం
B) రక్షణ, భక్షణ
C) రక్షణ, ఒక జాతి చేప
D) జెండా, అజెండా
జవాబు:
C) రక్షణ, ఒక జాతి చేప

ప్రశ్న 6.
తారలు దిగి వచ్చిన వేళ శుభం – గీత గీసిన పదానికి నానార్థాలు గుర్తించండి.
A) వాలి భార్య, ముత్యం
B) అరుంధతి, సృష్టి
C) సీత, చూడామణి
D) రాముడు, సోముడు
జవాబు:
A) వాలి భార్య, ముత్యం

ప్రశ్న 7.
“ముహుర్తము, నిముషము, తృటి” – అనే నానార్థాలు వచ్చే పదం
A) క్షణము
B) క్షపణము
C) చిరము
D) పగలు
జవాబు:
B) క్షపణము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 8.
ఆమెకు ఎల్లప్పుడూ అనుమానమనే మబ్బు కమ్మి ఉంటుంది. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి నానార్థాలు)
A) జ్ఞానము, అజ్ఞానము
B) ఆందోళన, కంగారు
C) అనుమానం, కోపం
D) చీకటి, మేఘము
జవాబు:
D) చీకటి, మేఘము

ప్రశ్న 9.
తెలుగు భాషా సాహిత్యములు చాలా గొప్పవి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి నానార్థాలు)
A) కలయిక, వాజ్మయము
B) భాష, గానం
C) భాష, సారస్వతము
D) భాష, గేయం
జవాబు:
C) భాష, సారస్వతము

ప్రశ్న 10.
శ్రీశ్రీ చాలా గొప్పకవి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి నానార్థాలు)
A) శుక్రుడు, కవిత్వం చెప్పేవాడు
B) కవి, ఋషి
C) పండితుడు, బుధుడు
D) తండ్రి, కవి
జవాబు:
A) శుక్రుడు, కవిత్వం చెప్పేవాడు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 11.
ఈ రాజ్యం యొక్క రాజు గారు చాలా దయగలవారు. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి నానార్థాలు)
A) ప్రభువు, చంద్రుడు
B) ప్రభువు, సూర్యుడు
C) ఇంద్రుడు, రాజు
D) రాజు, మంత్రి
జవాబు:
A) ప్రభువు, చంద్రుడు

6. ప్రకృతి – వికృతులు

ప్రశ్న 1.
స్థలముకు వికృతి పదం
A) స్థలము
B) తలము
C) పొలము
D) తాళము
జవాబు:
B) తలము

ప్రశ్న 2.
తియ్యనైన భాష మన తెలుగు భాష – గీత గీసిన పదానికి వికృతి పదం గుర్తించండి.
A) భాష
B) యాస
C) బాస
D) బోను
జవాబు:
C) బాస

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 3.
యజ్ఞముకు వికృతి పదం
A) జన్నము
B) యన్నాణము
C) యాది
D) జోదు
జవాబు:
A) జన్నము

ప్రశ్న 4.
యుక్తికి వికృతి పదం
A) యూక్తి
B) ఉత్తి
C) ముక్తి
D) రక్తి
జవాబు:
B) ఉత్తి

ప్రశ్న 5.
పౌర్ణమి చంద్రుడు చల్లగా ఉంటాడు. గీత గీసిన పదానికి వికృతి పదం గుర్తించండి.
A) అమావాస్య
B) చెంద్రుడు
C) చందురుడు
D) సోముడు
జవాబు:
C) చందురుడు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 6.
“జీవితము” – అనే పదానికి సరియైన వికృతి
A) జీవిత
B) జీతము
C) జీవము
D) జిత్తు
జవాబు:
B) జీతము

ప్రశ్న 7.
“సేమము” – అనే పదానికి సరియైన ప్రకృతి
A) చేమము
B) సేద్యము
C) క్షేమము
D) శ్రేయము
జవాబు:
A) చేమము

ప్రశ్న 8.
“వడ్డి” – అనే పదానికి ప్రకృతి పదము
A) వృద్ధి
B) మిత్తి
C) పొత్తు
D) పరపతి
జవాబు:
A) వృద్ధి

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 9.
సాగర గర్భము రత్నగర్భము – గీత గీసిన పదానికి వికృతి పదం గుర్తించండి.
A) కరవు
B) రతనము
C) కడుపు
D) గర్వము
జవాబు:
C) కడుపు

ప్రశ్న 10.
ప్రతి అక్కరము ఒక మంత్రము – గీత గీసిన పదానికి ప్రకృతి పదం గుర్తించండి.
A) అక్కర
B) అక్షరము
C) అబ్బురము
D) అధిపతి
జవాబు:
B) అక్షరము

ప్రశ్న 11.
గోలకొండ పట్టణము చాలా విశాలమైనది. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి వికృతి పదం)
A) పట్నము
B) పట్టణము
C) నగరం
D) పత్తనము
జవాబు:
D) పత్తనము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 12.
మనదేశంలోని చాలా చట్టము లను మార్చాలి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి ప్రకృతి పదం)
A) శాస్త్రం
B) చట్రము
C) శాస్త్రము
D) శాసనం
జవాబు:
A) శాస్త్రం

ప్రశ్న 13.
వేటగాడి వలలో చాలా మత్స్యములు పడినాయి. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి వికృతి పదం)
A) మత్తియము
B) మచ్చెము
C) మత్తము
D) మచ్చీ
జవాబు:
B) మచ్చెము

ప్రశ్న 14.
ఆమె తన బడి పొత్తములు చాలా జాగ్రత్తగా దాచుకొనును. (గీత గీసిన పదానికి ప్రకృతి పదం)
A) కావ్యములు
B) పుస్తకములు
C) పొత్తులు
D) గ్రంథము
జవాబు:
B) పుస్తకములు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

భాషాంశాలు (వ్యాకరణం) (\(\frac{1}{2}\) మార్పు)

PAPER – II : PART – B

1. సంధులు

ప్రశ్న 1.
అత్యద్భుతం – ఏ సంధి ?
A) యణాదేశసంధి
B) గుణసంధి
C) సవర్ణదీర్ఘసంధి
D) త్రికసంధి
జవాబు:
A) యణాదేశసంధి

ప్రశ్న 2.
సచివాలయంలో మంత్రులు ఉంటారు. (గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ సంధి ?)
A) గుణసంధి
B) సవర్ణదీర్ఘసంధి
C) యణాదేశసంధి
D) అకారసంధి
జవాబు:
B) సవర్ణదీర్ఘసంధి

ప్రశ్న 3.
“ఆనందోత్సాహాలు” తెలంగాణ సాధనతో ప్రజల్లో మిన్నంటినవి. (గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ సంధి ?)
A) అకారసంధి
B) ఇకారసంధి
C) గుణసంధి
D) యణాదేశసంధి
జవాబు:
C) గుణసంధి

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 4.
అత్యద్భుతము – సంధి విడదీయండి
A) అతి + అద్భుతం
B) అత్య + అద్భుతం
C) అత్యంత + ద్భుతం
D) అత్యద్భు+ భుతము
జవాబు:
A) అతి + అద్భుతం

ప్రశ్న 5.
భావోద్వేగం – సంధి విడదీయండి.
A) భావన + ఉద్వేగః
B) భావ + ఉద్వేగం
C) భావో + ఉద్వేగం
D) భావః + ఉద్వేగః
జవాబు:
B) భావ + ఉద్వేగం

ప్రశ్న 6.
ఆనందోత్సాహాలు – విడదీయండి.
A) ఆనః + ఉత్సాహం
B) ఆనః + ఉత్సాహః
C) ఆనంద + ఉత్సాహాలు
D) ఆనందః + ఉత్సాహం
జవాబు:
C) ఆనంద + ఉత్సాహాలు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 7.
సచివాలయం విడదీయండి.
A) సత్ + వాలయం
B) సత్ + చివాలయం
C) సచివ + అలవాలం
D) సచిన + ఆలయం
జవాబు:
D) సచిన + ఆలయం

ప్రశ్న 8.
కార్యాచరణ – విడదీయండి.
A) కార్య + ఆచరణ
B) కార్యా + ఆచరణ
C) కార్యాలు + ఆచారాలు
D) కార్యం + ఆచార్యం
జవాబు:
A) కార్య + ఆచరణ

ప్రశ్న 9.
అకారానికి ఏ, ఐలు పరమైతే, ‘ఐ’ కారము, ఓ ఔలు పరమైతే ‘ఔ’ కారము ఏకాదేశముగా వస్తాయి. ఇది ఏ సంధికి సంబంధించిన విషయం (June ’18)
A) సవర్ణదీర్ఘ సంధి
B) వృద్ధి సంధి
C) గుణ సంధి
D) యణాదేశ సంధి
జవాబు:
B) వృద్ధి సంధి

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 10.
దశాబ్దము – విడదీయండి.
A) దశ + ఆబ్దము
B) దిశా + అబ్దము
C) దశ + అబ్దము
D) దశః + అబ్దము
జవాబు:
C) దశ + అబ్దము

ప్రశ్న 11.
“ప్రపంచమంతా” – అనే పదాన్ని విడదీసి రాయండి.
A) ప్రపంచము + మంతా
B) ప్రపంచ + మంతా
C) ప్ర + పంచమంతా
D) ప్రపంచము + అంతా
జవాబు:
D) ప్రపంచము + అంతా

ప్రశ్న 12.
‘రామాలయం’ ఇది ఏ సంధి ?
A) గుణ సంధి
B) రుగాగమ సంధి
C) వృద్ధి సంధి
D) సవర్ణదీర్ఘ సంధి
జవాబు:
D) సవర్ణదీర్ఘ సంధి

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 13.
కోటీశ్వరులు – విడదీస్తే
A) కోటి + ఈశ్వరులు
B) కోట + ఈశ్వరులు
C) కోటు + ఇశ్వరులు
D) కోట్ + ఈశ్వరులు
జవాబు:
A) కోటి + ఈశ్వరులు

ప్రశ్న 14.
మాతృ + ఋణం పదాన్ని కలిపి రాస్తే
A) మాతాఋణం
B) మాతౄణం
C) మాతైఋణం
D) మాతూఋణం
జవాబు:
B) మాతౄణం

ప్రశ్న 15.
వృద్ధి సంధికి ఉదాహరణ
A) కలహాగ్నులు
B) వేంకటేశ్వరా
C) రసైక
D) ఏమని
జవాబు:
C) రసైక

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

2. సమాసాలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
తెలంగాణ జాతి ప్రత్యేక రాష్ట్ర సాధనతో పులకించింది. (గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ సమాసం ?)
A) సంభావనా పూర్వపద కర్మధారయ సమాసం
B) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
C) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష సమాసం
D) ద్విగు సమాసం
జవాబు:
A) సంభావనా పూర్వపద కర్మధారయ సమాసం

ప్రశ్న 2.
హైద్రాబాద్ వీధులు జనసంద్రమయ్యాయి. (గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ సమాసం ?)
A) విశేషణ పూర్వపద కర్మధారయ సమాసం
B) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష సమాసం
C) తృతీయా తత్పురుష సమాసం
D) చతుర్థీ తత్పురుష సమాసం
జవాబు:
B) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష సమాసం

ప్రశ్న 3.
మక్కా మహమ్మదీయులకు ‘పవిత్ర స్థలం’ (గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ సమాసం ?)
A) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష సమాసం
B) బహువ్రీహి సమాసం
C) విశేషణ పూర్వపద కర్మధారయ సమాసం
D) ద్విగు సమాసం
జవాబు:
C) విశేషణ పూర్వపద కర్మధారయ సమాసం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 4.
తెలంగాణ ప్రభుత్వం ప్రజల కొరకు ఎన్నో సంక్షేమ పథకాలు ప్రవేశపెట్టింది. (గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ సమాసం ?)
A) చతుర్థీ తత్పురుష సమాసం
B) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష సమాసం
C) బహువ్రీహి సమాసం
D) తృతీయా తత్పురుష సమాసం
జవాబు:
A) చతుర్థీ తత్పురుష సమాసం

ప్రశ్న 5.
స్వేచ్ఛా స్వాతంత్ర్యాలు – సమాసం పేరు
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
B) ద్విగు సమాసం
C) తృతీయా తత్పురుష
D) చతుర్థీ తత్పురుష
జవాబు:
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం

ప్రశ్న 6.
అన్యాయము – సమాసం పేరు
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
B) నఞ తత్పురుషం
C) ద్విగు సమాసం
D) తృతీయా తత్పురుష సమాసం పేరు
జవాబు:
B) నఞ తత్పురుషం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 7.
మూడుతరాలు – సమాసం పేరు
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
B) ద్వితీయా తత్పురుష
C) ద్విగు సమాసం
D) చతుర్థీ తత్పురుష
జవాబు:
C) ద్విగు సమాసం

ప్రశ్న 8.
ఉద్యమ చరిత్ర – సమాసం పేరు
A) నఞ తత్పురుష
B) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
C) ద్విగువు
D) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష
జవాబు:
D) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష

ప్రశ్న 9.
ఉద్రిక్త ఘట్టాలు – సమాసం పేరు
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
B) నఞ తత్పురుష
C) విశేషణ పూర్వపద కర్మధారయం
D) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష
జవాబు:
C) విశేషణ పూర్వపద కర్మధారయం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 10.
తెలంగాణ బిడ్డలు – సమాసం పేరు
A) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష
B) బహువ్రీహి సమాసం
C) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
D) ద్విగువు
జవాబు:
A) షష్ఠీ తత్పురుష

ప్రశ్న 11.
‘సంక్షేమ పథకాలు’ అనే దానికి సరైన విగ్రహవాక్యం
A) సంక్షేమంతో పథకాలు
B) సంక్షేమం వలన పథకాలు
C) సంక్షేమం కొరకు పథకాలు
D) సంక్షేమం నందు పథకాలు
జవాబు:
C) సంక్షేమం కొరకు పథకాలు

ప్రశ్న 12.
శతాబ్దం – ఏ సమాసం (Mar. ’18)
A) రూపక సమాసం
B) నఞ తత్పురుష సమాసం
C) ద్విగు సమాసం
D) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
జవాబు:
C) ద్విగు సమాసం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 13.
రూపక సమాసమునకు ఉదాహరణ
A) ఆశాపాశం
B) రామకృష్ణులు
C) సప్తపదులు
D) అసాధ్యం
జవాబు:
A) ఆశాపాశం

ప్రశ్న 14.
‘మా తల్లిదండ్రులు అంటే నాకిష్టం’ – వాక్యంలో ‘తల్లిదండ్రులు’ అను సమాసం పేరు (Mar. ’18)
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం
B) బహువ్రీహి సమాసం
C) ద్విగు సమాసం
D) రూపక సమాసం
జవాబు:
A) ద్వంద్వ సమాసం

3. ఛందస్సు

ప్రశ్న 1.
1, 3 పాదాలలో 3 సూర్యగణాలు, 2 ఇంద్ర గణాలు (ఏ పద్యపాదానికి చెందినవి ?)
A) ఆటవెలది
B) తేటగీతి
C) సీసం
D) ద్విపద
జవాబు:
A) ఆటవెలది

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 2.
ప్రతిపాదంలో 3 ఇంద్రగణాలు, 1 సూర్యగణం ఉంటే అది ఏ పద్య పాదానికి చెందినవి ?
A) ఆటవెలది
B) ద్విపద
C) తేటగీతి
D) సీసం
జవాబు:
B) ద్విపద

ప్రశ్న 3.
“న-జ-భ-జ-జ – జ – ర” అనుగణాలు పద్యపాదంలో ఉంటాయి.
A) ఉత్పలమాల
B) చంపకమాల
C) మత్తేభం
D) శార్దూలం
జవాబు:
B) చంపకమాల

ప్రశ్న 4.
ఒక సూర్యగణం, రెండు ఇంద్రగణాలు, రెండు సూర్య గణాలు గల పద్యపాదమేది ?
A) కందము
B) సీసము
C) తేటగీతి
D) ఆటవెలది
జవాబు:
C) తేటగీతి

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 5.
పదమూడవ అక్షరంతో యతి చెల్లే పద్యపాదమేది ?
A) కందము
B) ద్విపద
C) ఉత్పలమాల
D) శార్దూలం
జవాబు:
D) శార్దూలం

ప్రశ్న 6.
‘కులశైలంబులు పాదు పెల్లగిలి దిక్కూలంబునం గూలినన్’ అనే పద్యపాదం ఏ వృత్తానికి చెందినది
A) ఉత్పలమాల
B) చంపకమాల
C) శార్దూలము
D) మత్తేభము
జవాబు:
D) మత్తేభము

ప్రశ్న 7.
చంపకమాలలో వచ్చే గణాలు వరుసగా
A) భరనభభరవ
B) మసజసతతగ
C) సభరనమయవ
D) నజభజజజర
జవాబు:
A) భరనభభరవ

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 8.
ఉత్పలమాలలో మొత్తం అక్షరాలు ఎన్ని ?
A) 19
B) 20
C) 21
D) 18
జవాబు:
B) 20

ప్రశ్న 9.
శార్దూలము యొక్క యతి స్థానము
A) 10
B) 11
C) 13
D) 14
జవాబు:
C) 13

4. అలంకారాలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
భాగవతమున భక్తి, భారతమున యుక్తి, రామకథయే రక్తి – అలంకారం గుర్తించండి.
A) ఉపమాలంకారం
B) రూపకాలంకారం
C) ఉత్ప్రేక్ష
D) అంత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారం
జవాబు:
D) అంత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 2.
“తలుపు గొళ్ళెం, హారతి పళ్ళెం, గుర్రపు కళ్ళెం” – అలంకారం గుర్తించండి.
A) అంత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారం
B) ఉపమాలంకారం
C) రూపకాలంకారం
D) ఉత్ప్రేక్షాలంకారం
జవాబు:
A) అంత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారం

ప్రశ్న 3.
నీకు వంద వందనాలు – అలంకారం గుర్తించండి.
A) ఉపమాలంకారం
B) ఉత్ప్రేక్షాలంకారం
C) రూపకాలంకారం
D) ఛేకానుప్రాసాలంకారం
జవాబు:
D) ఛేకానుప్రాసాలంకారం

ప్రశ్న 4.
శ్రీకాంత్ అంగి మల్లెపూవులా తెల్లగా ఉంది అలం కారం గుర్తించండి.
A) ఉత్ప్రేక్షాలంకారం
B) శ్లేషాలంకారం
C) ఉపమాలంకారం
D) రూపకాలంకారం
జవాబు:
C) ఉపమాలంకారం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 5.
కింది వానిలో శ్లేషాలంకార లక్షణం గుర్తించండి.
A) నానార్థాలను కలిగి ఉండే అలంకారం
B) ఉపమేయానికి, ఉపమానానికి భేదం లేనట్లు చెప్పడం
C) హల్లుల జంట అర్థభేదంతో చెప్పడం
D) ఒక వస్తువును లేదా విషయాన్ని ఉన్నదాని కంటే ఎక్కువ చేసి చెప్పడం
జవాబు:
A) నానార్థాలను కలిగి ఉండే అలంకారం

ప్రశ్న 6.
కింది వానిలోఉపమాలంకార లక్షణం గుర్తించండి.
A) హల్లుల జంట, అర్థభేదంతో వెంట వెంటనే ప్రయోగిస్తే
B) ఉపమాన ఉపమేయాలకు చక్కని పోలిక చెప్పడమే
C) ఉపమాన ఉపమేయములకు అభేదాన్ని చెప్పడమే
D) ఒక వస్తువును గాని, విషయాన్ని ఉన్నదాని కంటే ఎక్కువ చేసి చెప్పటాన్ని
జవాబు:
B) ఉపమాన ఉపమేయాలకు చక్కని పోలిక చెప్పడమే

ప్రశ్న 7.
ఉన్న విషయాన్ని అధికం చేసి చెప్తే వచ్చే అలంకారం
A) రూపకాలంకారం
B) అతిశయోక్తి
C) స్వభావోక్తి
D) ఉపమాలంకారం
జవాబు:
B) అతిశయోక్తి

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 8.
‘ఆమె ముఖము చంద్రబింబమువలె అందముగా ఉన్నది’ దీనిలోని అలంకారం
A) శ్లేషాలంకారం
B) రూపక అలంకారం
C) ఉపమాలంకారం
D) అంత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారము
జవాబు:
C) ఉపమాలంకారం

ప్రశ్న 9.
వృత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారంలో
A) ఒకే వర్గం అక్షరాలు వస్తాయి
B) అక్షరాల జంట మాటిమాటికి వస్తుంది
C) ఒకే అక్షరం మాటిమాటికి వస్తుంది
D) వాక్యాల చివర్లో ఒకే రకమైన అక్షరం ఉంటుంది
జవాబు:
C) ఒకే అక్షరం మాటిమాటికి వస్తుంది

ప్రశ్న 10.
హల్లుల జంట వెంట వెంటనే అర్థభేదంతో వస్తే
A) చేకానుప్రాసాలంకారము
B) లాటానుప్రాసాలంకారం
C) అంత్యానుప్రాసాలంకారము
D) శ్లేషాలంకారం
జవాబు:
A) చేకానుప్రాసాలంకారము

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 11.
అతిశయోక్తి అలంకారమంటే (Mar. ’18)
A) ఉన్నది ఉన్నట్లు చెప్పడం
B) ఉన్నదానికన్నా ఎక్కువ చేసి చెప్పడం
C) ఉన్నది లేనట్టు చెప్పడం
D) ఊహించి చెప్పడం
జవాబు:
B) ఉన్నదానికన్నా ఎక్కువ చేసి చెప్పడం

5. వాక్య పరిజ్ఞానం

ప్రశ్న 1.
నేనియ్యడంగల చోద్యంబులు రేపు గగ్గొనియెదన్. అనే గ్రాంథిక భాషలోని వాక్యాన్ని ఆధునిక వచనంలోనికి మార్చితే,
A) నేను ఇక్కడ ఉన్న వింతలను రేపు కనుక్కొంటాను.
B) నేను ఇయ్యెడన్కల చోద్యంబుల్ రేపు కనుకొనెదన్
C) నేన్ ఈయెడన్ కల వింతలు రేపు చూస్తాను.
D) నేనియ్యెడన్ ఉన్న వింతలు రేపు చూచెదన్
జవాబు:
A) నేను ఇక్కడ ఉన్న వింతలను రేపు కనుక్కొంటాను.

ప్రశ్న 2.
‘అన్నము రవి చేత తినబడింది’ – అనే కర్మణి వాక్యాన్ని కర్తరి వాక్యంగా మార్చితే,
A) అన్నము రవిచేత తినెను
B) రవి అన్నము తినెను
C) అన్నముచే రవి తినబడినాడు
D) అన్నమును రవి తినలేదు
జవాబు:
B) రవి అన్నము తినెను

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 3.
“నా దినం తీరుతుంది బాబూ” అని నాతో చెప్పాడు. అని ప్రత్యక్ష కథనంలో నున్న వాక్యాన్ని పరోక్ష కథనంలోకి మార్చితే,
A) నాదినం తీరదు బాబూ అని తనతో చెప్పాడు.
B) తనదినం తీరదు బాబూ అని నాతో చెప్పాడు.
C) తనదినం తీరదు బాబూ అని తనతో చెప్పలేదు.
D) తన దినం తీరుతుంది బాబూ అని నాతో చెప్పాడు.
జవాబు:
D) తన దినం తీరుతుంది బాబూ అని నాతో చెప్పాడు.

ప్రశ్న 4.
“చంద్రమతి వేషం ప్రథమంగా నేను ధరించవలసి వచ్చింది” అన్నారు స్థానంవారు. అని ప్రత్యక్ష కథనంలోనున్న వాక్యాన్ని పరోక్ష కథనంలోకి మార్చితే,
A) చంద్రమతి వేషం ప్రథమంగా తాను ధరించవలసి వచ్చిందని స్థానం వారు అన్నారు.
B) చంద్రమతి వేషం ద్వితీయంగా తాను ధరించ వలసి వచ్చిందని స్థానం వారు అన్నారు.
C) చంద్రమతి వేషం ప్రథమంగా తాను ధరించవలసి వచ్చిందని స్థానం వారు అనలేదు.
D) చంద్రమతి వేషం ప్రథమంగా నేనే ధరించవలసి వచ్చిందని స్థానం వారు అనలేదు.
జవాబు:
A) చంద్రమతి వేషం ప్రథమంగా తాను ధరించవలసి వచ్చిందని స్థానం వారు అన్నారు.

ప్రశ్న 5.
సమాజంలో భద్రత ఉంది – దీనికి వ్యతిరేకార్థక వాక్యం గుర్తించండి.
A) సమాజంలో భద్రత లేకపోవచ్చు
B) సమాజంలో భద్రత ఉండాలి
C) సమాజంలో భద్రత ఉండి తీరాలి
D) సమాజంలో భద్రత లేదు
జవాబు:
D) సమాజంలో భద్రత లేదు

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 6.
భావన వచ్చింది. పావని వచ్చింది. సంయుక్త వాక్యాన్ని గుర్తించండి.
A) భావన, పావని వచ్చారు
B) పావని వచ్చి భావన వచ్చింది
C) పావని భావన వచ్చింది
D) భావన రాలేదు పావని వచ్చింది
జవాబు:
A) భావన, పావని వచ్చారు

ప్రశ్న 7.
‘విజయుడవై తిరిగిరా’ ఇది ఏరకమైన వాక్యం ?
A) సందేహార్థకం
B) ప్రశ్నార్థకం
C) ఆశీర్వాదార్థకం
D) భావార్థకం
జవాబు:
C) ఆశీర్వాదార్థకం

ప్రశ్న 8.
బాగా చదివి నిద్రపోయాడు- గీత గీసిన పదం ఏ క్రియాపదం ?
A) అప్యర్థకం
B) హేత్వర్థకం
C) తద్ధర్మార్థకం
D) క్త్వార్థం
జవాబు:
D) క్త్వార్థం

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 9.
తెలుగులోనే మాట్లాడండని, తెలుగులోనే రాయండని టీవీ లలో మంత్రిగారు చెప్పారు – ఇది ఏ వాక్యం ?
A) ప్రత్యక్ష కథనం
B) పరోక్ష కథనం
C) కర్మణి వాక్యం
D) కర్తరి వాక్యం
జవాబు:
B) పరోక్ష కథనం

ప్రశ్న 10.
“సమాజాన్ని సంక్షేమ పథకాల రూపంలో ఆదుకోవడం తప్పనిసరి” అని మేథావులు నిర్ణయించారు.
A) పరోక్ష వాక్యం
B) కర్మణి వాక్యం
C) కర్తరి వాక్యం
D) ప్రత్యక్ష వాక్యం
జవాబు:
D) ప్రత్యక్ష వాక్యం

ప్రశ్న 11.
“సంఘసంస్కర్తలు దురాచారాలను ఖండించారు. సంఘసంస్కర్తలు ఉద్యమాలు నడిపించారు.” – సంక్లిష్ట వాక్యం గుర్తించండి.
A) సంఘసంస్కర్తలు దురాచారాలను, ఉద్యమాలను ఖండించారు.
B) సంఘసంస్కర్తలు దురాచారాలను, ఉద్యమాలను నడిపించారు.
C) సంఘసంస్కర్తలు దురాచారాలను ఖండించి, ఉద్యమాలను నడిపారు.
D) సంఘసంస్కర్తలు ఉద్యమాలు నడిపారు మరియు దురాచారాలను ఖండించారు.
జవాబు:
C) సంఘసంస్కర్తలు దురాచారాలను ఖండించి, ఉద్యమాలను నడిపారు.

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 12.
‘వాల్మీకి రామాయణం రచించారు’ ఇది ఏ వాక్యం ?
A) కర్మణి వాక్యం
B) కర్తరి వాక్యం
C) సంక్లిష్ట వాక్యం
D) సంయుక్త వాక్యం
జవాబు:
B) కర్తరి వాక్యం

ప్రశ్న 13.
‘రాము ఇసుకతో ఇల్లు కట్టాడు’ వాక్యాన్ని కర్మణి వాక్యంగా రాస్తే
A) రాముచే ఇసుకతో ఇల్లు కట్టాడు
B) ఇసుకతో ಇಲ್ಲ రాముచే కట్టబడింది
C) రాము ఇల్లు కట్టాడు ఇసుకతో.
D) ఇల్లు ఇసుకతో రాము కట్టాడు.
జవాబు:
B) ఇసుకతో ಇಲ್ಲ రాముచే కట్టబడింది

ప్రశ్న 14.
వేలాది యువకులు ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొన్నారు. వేలాది యువకులు కారాగారాలకు వెళ్ళారు. సంక్లిష్ట వాక్యంగా రాస్తే
A) వేలాది యువకులు ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొని వేలాది యువకులు కారాగారాలకు వెళ్ళారు.
B) వేలాది యువకులు ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొని కారా గారాలకు వెళ్ళారు.
C) వేలాది యువకులు కారాగారాలకు వెళ్ళి ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొన్నారు.
D) వేలాది యువకులు ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొన్నారు. వేలాది యువకులు చనిపోయారు.
జవాబు:
B) వేలాది యువకులు ఉద్యమంలో పాల్గొని కారా గారాలకు వెళ్ళారు.

TS 10th Class Telugu Bits 8th Lesson లక్ష్యసిద్ధి

ప్రశ్న 15.
హైదరాబాద్ లోని ఉస్మానియా కాలేజీలో చేరాడు. ఆంగ్లభాషను చదివాడు. సంక్లిష్ట వాక్యంగా మారిస్తే
A) హైదరాబాద్ లోని ఉస్మానియా కాలేజీలో చేరి ఆంగ్లభాషను చదివాడు.
B) హైదరాబాద్ లో ఆంగ్లభాషను ఉస్మానియా కాలేజీలో చదివాడు.
C) ఆంగ్లభాషను చదవడానికి హైదరాబాద్లోని ఉస్మానియా కాలేజీలో చేరాడు.
D) హైదరాబాద్లోని ఉస్మానియా కాలేజీలో చేరి అనేక భాషలు చదివాడు.
జవాబు:
A) హైదరాబాద్ లోని ఉస్మానియా కాలేజీలో చేరి ఆంగ్లభాషను చదివాడు.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Telangana SCERT TS 10th Class English Guide Pdf Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Comprehension:

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
‘To Lincoln, defeat was a detour and not a dead end.’ Justify this statement from the life of Lincoln.
Answer:
Though Lincoln failed in many attempts, he didn’t lose hope. He couldn’t quit his trials. He failed in business at the age of 21, was defeated in a legislative race at age 22, failed again in business at age 24, overcame the death of his dear wife at the age of 26 had a nervous breakdown at age 27, lost a congressional race at age 34, lost a senatorial race at age 45, failed in an effort to become vice-president at age 47, lost a senatorial race at age 49 and was elected president of the United States at age 52.

Thus he had faced so many difficulties before he got the success. When he faced difficulties, he didn’t lose his way. He tried hard and got the success. Thus, Lincoln proved that defeat was a detour and not a dead end.

Question 2.
What did Socrates suggest as the secret to success? Do you agree or disagree with him? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Socrates suggested that the burning desire is the only secret to success. Every one should agree with this idea Unless we have a strong passion for something, we cannot achieve it. According to Socrates, the burning desire would be the starting point of all accomplishments. It gives the perfect and adequate motivation to achieve something.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Question 3.
Complete the following table about the failures and successes of the great personalities mentioned In the lesson you have just read. The first one is done for you.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures 1

Answer:

Person Failures/rejections he faced Final success
1. Abraham Lincoln Failed in business, defeated in legislative elections, had nervous breakdown, lost congressional race and senatorial race. Elected President of United States of America
2. Lee De Forest was charged by the district attorney for using fradu lent means to mislead the public into buying stocks of his company Invented the triodes tube
3. Wright Brothers Their wisdom was questioned by a New York Times editorial They took their famous flight at Kitty Hawk.
4. Colonel Sanders Knocked many doors before he got the first order Became a famous business-man and founded the Kentuc ky Fried Chicken Chain restaurants.
5. Walt Disney Faced many rejections from newspaper editors, who said he had no talent. He created world famous Mickey Mouse. He became animator, film producer, director, screen writer, voice actor, enterpreneur, entertainer, international icon and philanthropist.
6. Thomas Edison He was considered as a stupid by his teachers. He was partially deaf. He lost his factory when he was 67. Grew up to be a great scientist
7. Henry Ford Forgot to put the reverse gear in his first car. He was broke at the age of 40. Established cars Company
8. Lee lacocca Fired by Henry Ford II Engineered the Ford Mastang and Ford Pinto cars. Famous for leadership, creativity and self control.
9. Ludwig van Beethoven was told that he had no talent for music Gave some of the best music to the world.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Question 4.
How did Walt Disney create Mickey Mouse ?
Answer:
As a young cartoonist, Walt Disney faced many rejections from newspaper editors, who said he had no talent. One day a minister at a church hired him to draw some cartoons. Disney was working out of a small mouse infested shed near the church. After seeing a small mouse, he was inspired and that was the start of Mickey Mouse.

Question 5.
What is failing forward ?
Answer:
All success stories are stories of great failures. The only difference is that everytime they failed, they bounced back. This is called failing forward, rather than backward.

Question 6.
How can we get rid of setbacks ?
Answer:
Setbacks are inevitable in everybody’s life. A setback can act as a driving force and also teach us humility. In grief we will find courage and faith to overcome the setback we need to learn to become victors, not victims. We should not feel fear and doubt.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Study skills:

Read the following story.

An elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer-contractor of his plans to leave the house-building business to live a more leisurely life with his wife and enjoy his extended family. He would miss the paycheck each week, but he wanted to retire. They could get by.

The contractor was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favour. The carpenter agreed. But over time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He resorted to shoddy workmanship and used inferior materials. It was an unfortunate way to end a dedicated career.

When the carpenter finished his work, his employer came to inspect the house. Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter and said, “This is your house…my gift to you.”

The carpenter was shocked!
What a shame! If he had only known that he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently.

So it is with us. We build our lives, a day at a time, often putting less than our best into the building. Then, with a shock, we realize we have to live in the house we have built. If we could do it over, we would do it much differently.

But, you cannot go back. You are the carpenter, and every day you hammer a nail, place a board, or erect a wall. Someone once said, “Life is a do-it-yourself project.” Your attitude, and the choices you make today, help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow. Therefore, build wisely!

I. Complete the table given below.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures 2

Answer:

Point to be observed Observation / Point of view
1. The setting / Location in which the Story took place. (A building) Retirtement of a carpenter.
2. The main characters A contractor and a carpenter.
3. The main events a. The carpenter decided to retire.

b. He told his employer (contractor) about his decision.

c. The contractor requested the carpenter to build one more house as a personal favour.

d. The carpenter agreed and finished his work, but not whole heartedly.

e. The contracter gave the very house to the carpenter as a gift.

4. The turning point in the story The contractor inspected the house, handed the front-door key to the carpenter and told him to take the house as a gift.
5. The irony in the story The carpenter thought that the hosue was for the contractor. As he had already decided to retire, he didn’t do the work with good workmanship. But he was shocked to know that the house was for him.
6. The message in the story “Build your life with good attitude”.
7. Possible title Building One’s Life/A Surprising Gift.

 

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

II. Rewrite the above story by giving another ending of your own.
Answer:
An elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer – contractor of his plans to leave the house – building business to live a more leisurely life with his wife and enjoy his ‘ extended family. He would miss the paycheck each week, but he wanted to retire. They could get by.

The contractor was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favour. The carpenter agreed. He was very faithful and always trustworthy. Hence, he showed good workmanship and used superior materials and finished building the beautiful house.

When the carpenter finished his work, his employer came to inspect the house. He was so attracted that he wanted to live in it. The employer / contractor praised the carpenter and gave him a hundred gold coins as a reward so that he could live happily his remaining life. The ” carpenter went home with the huge gift he received and lived in the house with his family happily.

Listening:

Listen to the story about a farmer.

Attitude is Everything:

There was a farmer in Africa who was happy and contented. He was happy because he was contented. He was contented because he was happy. One day a wise man came to him and told him about the glory of diamonds and the power that goes along with them.

The wise man said, “If you had a diamond of the size of your thumb, you could have your own city. If you had a diamond, the size of your fist, you could probably own your own country.” And then he went away. That night the farmer couldn’t sleep.

He was unhappy and he was discontented. He was unhappy because he was discontented and discontented because he was unhappy. The next morning he made arrangements to sell off his farm, took care of his family and went in search of diamonds.

He looked all over Africa and couldn’t find any. He looked all through Europe and couldn’t find any. When he got to Spain, he was emotionally, physically and financially broke. He got so disheartened that he threw himself into the Barcelona River and committed suicide.

Back home, the person who had bought his farm was watering the camels at a stream that ran through the farm. Across the stream, the rays of the morning sun hit stone and made it sparkle like a rainbow. He thought it would look good on the mantel piece. He picked up the stone and put it in the living room. That afternoon the wise man came and saw the stone sparkling.

He asked, “Is Hafiz back?” The new owner said, “No, why do you ask?” The wise man x said, “Because that is a diamond. I recognize one when I see one.” The man said, no, that’s just a stone I picked up from the stream. Come, I’ll show you. There are many more.” They went and picked some samples and sent them for analysis. Sure enough, the stones were diamonds. They found that the farm was indeed covered with acres and acres of diamonds.

Just now you have listened to a story about a farmer. Here are some sentences that describe the events in the story. However, they are not in the order in which they occur in the story. Listen to the story and arrange them in the order in which they occur. Put 1 after the event that occurs first, 2 against the next and so on.

He threw himself into the Barcelona River and committed suicide.
The wise man said, “Because that is a diamond.”
He picked up the stone and put it in the living room.
He looked all through Europe and couldn’t find any.
They found that the farm was indeed covered with acres and acres of diamonds.
That night the farmer couldn’t sleep.
The person who had bought his farm was watering the camels at a stream.
He made arrangements to sell off his farm and went in search of diamonds.
He was unhappy and he was discontent.
A wise man told him about the glory of diamonds.

Answer:
Correct Order:-
1. A wise man told him about the glory of diamonds.
2. That night the farmer couldn’t sleep.
3. He was unhappy and he was discontented.
4. He made arrangements to sell off his farm and went in search of diamonds.
5. He looked all through Europe and couldn’t find any
6. He threw himself into the Barcelona River and committed suicide.
7. The person who had bought his farm was watering the camels at a stream.
8. He picked up the stone and put it in the living room.
9. The wise man said, “Because that is a diamond.”
10. They found that the farm was indeed covered with acres and acres of diamonds.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Oral Activity:

After listening to the story, work in pairs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of travelling abroad. You may use the hints given in the box for your understanding.

Advantages Disadvantages
Earn more money Cut off from your roots
Social Status Living away from parents
More opportunities Brain drain / Intellectual loss

Answer:
Travelling Abroad – Advantages and Disadvantages:
Now-a-days, it is easier and easier for people to travel abroad. Because of the globalization, travelling abroad has become necessary in today’s world. The number of foreign tourists is increasing day by day in each and every country. Along with advantages, travelling abroad brings disadvantages too.

Advantages:-
Some people travel abroad to discover the new lands, meet the people there, learn about their culture, gain knowledge, enjoy the architecture and beautiful scenery, pleasant weather etc. Some others travel abroad to work and earn more money. They want to maintain social status by making more money.

The students go abroad to study the specialized courses. They want to get jobs there with the educational qualifications acquired by them there. Thus, they get more opportunities to earn a living. They will get an exciting job and have an active life. The travellers will get a chance to observe how the people in other parts of the world live. Thus they will get a broader worldview.

Disadvantages:-
Today most of the people think that it is a status symbol living in abroad and earning money there. Thus they cut off themselves from their roots. They forget about their culture, customs, rituals etc. They give importance only to money. They abandon their parents and go abroad to earn more and more money. They don’t even think of their parents.

The old ones, when they really need the help from their offspring, can’t get any. Their condition is really miserable. This is all because of man’s thrust for money. In the process of earning money, they are leading mechanical lives. They are using their intellectual power for sake of other countries.

The skilled and clever people emigrate from their countries and use their skill for money. In-that way the countries lose persons with skill and workmanship. These countries are suffering from ‘Intellectual loss’.

Travelling abroad is necessary in this fast-growing world. It helps to promote the development of the tourism industry and the relations among the countries are strengthened. Still, one shouldn’t forget one’s own parents, country, culture etc. for the cause of going abroad.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures Summary in English

Failures are the stepping stones to success. According to Tom Watson Sr. we have to double our failure rate if we want to get the success. Most of the successful persons had to face failures before reaching their positions. Abraham Lincoln was a good example for this. Before he became President of the United States, Lincoln failed in business at age 21, was defeated in a legislative race at age 22, failed again in business at age 24, overcame the death of his sweetheart at age 26, had a nervous breakdown at age 27, lost a congressional race at age 34, lost a senatorial race at age 45, failed in an effort to become vice-president at age 47, lost a senatorial race at age 49 and finally achieved the success.

Though Lee De Forest was publicly humiliated for transmitting the voices across the Atlantic, he invented the triodes tube and had over 180 patents to his credit. Though their wisdom was questioned, the Wright Brothers didn’t lose their confidence and took their famous flight. Colonel Sanders, the founder of Kentucky Fried Chicken Chain Restaurants had knocked on more than a thousand doors before he got his first order.

Walt Disney, the famous cartoonist had faced many rejections before he got the success. He created Mickey Mouse when he was inspired by a small mouse. Thomas Edison was considered a stupid in his childhood but he grew up to be a great scientist.

He was partially deaf and had only three months of formal schooling. He had made over 1000 experiments before he invented the ‘electric bulb’. He was the man with great attitude. Though Edison lost his factory to fire at age 67, he didn’t lose heart. Three weeks later, he invented the phonograph.

Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, forgot to put the reverse gear in the first car he made. He was broke at the age of 40. Lee lacocca was an American Businessman known for engineering the Ford Mustang and Ford Pinto cars. He was fired (dismissed from service) by Henry Ford II at the age of 54. Ludvig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. Though he was told that he had no talent for music, he gave some of the best music to the world.

Everytime the successful men failed, they bounced back which is called failing forward. Setbacks are inevitable in life. They teach us humility. We should get rid of fear and doubt and find courage and faith to overcome the setback. According to Napolean Hill whenever we think about something and believe it, we can achieve it. A burning desire is needed to achieve a purpose.

When a young man asked Socrates the secret to success, he took him to the river and ducked him into the water. He kept the young man there until he started turning blue and then pulled his head onto the water. The boy took a deep breath of air. Then Socrates made the boy realise that the secret to success is that he should want success as badly as he wanted the air.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

IF YOU THINK:

If you think you are beaten, you are.
If you think you dare not, you don’t!
If you like to win, but think you can’t,
It’s almost a cinch ou won’t.
If you think you’ll lose, you’re lost;
For out in the world we find
Success begins with a fellow’s will;
It’s all in the state of mind.
If you think you are outclassed, you are,
You’ve got to think high to rise,
You’ve got to be sure of yourself before
You can ever win a prize.
Life’s battles don’t always go
To the stronger and faster man,
But sooner or later the man who wins
Is the man who thinks he can.

Our positive thinking makes us successful. If we think we are beaten, it certainly happens. If we think we daren’t we don’t dare to do any. If we don’t think about a win, surely we can’t get it. If we think that we will lose, we are lost. With will we will be successful. If we think we are overcome, we are surely overcame. We need to think high to achieve success. We need to have confidence and faith. The man who thinks properly wins finally. If we are stronger and faster, we can get rid of our difficulties.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Glossary:

overcome (v) = to defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with something ;
detour (n) = a road or route that is used when the usual one is closed ;
triodes tube (n) = a triode is an electronic amplification tube having three active electrodes. Invented in 1906, the triode vacuum tube was the first electronic amplification device. This invention founded the electronic age, making possible amplified radio technology and long-distance telephony. ;
Lee de Forest = an American inventor with over 180 patents to his credit. He invented the Audion, a vacuum tube that takes relatively weak electrical signals and amplifies them. He is one of the fathers of the “electronic age,” as the Audion helped in the widespread use of electronics. He is also credited with one of the principal inventions that brought sound to motion pictures.
fraudulent (adj) = intended to cheat someone, usually in order to make money illegally;
Colonel Sanders = Colonel Harland David Sanders was an American businessman and restaurateur who founded the Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) Chain Restaurants ;
Beat-up (adj) = old and damaged;
Walt Disney = an American animator, film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon and philanthropist, well known for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century. He created some of the world’s most well-known fictional characters including Mickey Mouse. ;
infest (y) = to exist in large numbers in a particular place, often causing damage or disease (especially of insects or animals such as rats)

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 1B Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures

Henry Ford = An American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production. He did not invent the automobile but he developed and manufactured the first automobile that many middle class Americans could afford to buy.
Lee lacocca = an American Business man known for engineering the Ford Mustang and Ford Pinto cars. He was the former chairman of the Chrysler Corporation. He was one of the most famous business people in the world. He is the author (or co-author) of several books, including lacocca ;
Ludwig van Beethoven= a German composer and pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music. He remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers. His best known compositions include 9 symphonies, 5 concertos, 2 piano sonatas and 16 string quartets. He also composed other chamber music, choral works (including the celebrated Missa Solemnis and songs). ;
Napoleon Hill = an American author in the area of the new thought movement who was one of the earliest producers of the modern genre of personal-success literature. He is widely considered to be one of the great writers on success.;
conceive = to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to imagine something ;
Socrates(469 – 399 BC)= A classical Greek Athenian philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western Philosophy. He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly throuqh the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristopanes. Many would claim that Plato’s dialogues are the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity. Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics. ;
ducked (v) = pushed somebody under water and held them there for a short time;
cinch (n) = a thing that is certain to happen ;
outclassed (v) = overcame;
attorney (n) = a lawyer ;
humiliate (v) = to make someone feel ashamed ;
quit (v) = to leave; to stop doing something ;
recipe (n) = set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food ;
rejection (n) = the act of not accepting ;
disaster (n) = event that causes great harm or damage ;
setback (n) = thing that hinders the progress of something ;
inevitable (adj) = that is sure to happen ;
humility (n) = humble attitude of mind, modesty;
victor (n) = winner of a battle, contest, game etc. ;
stumbling block (n) = thing that causes difficulty or hesitation, obstacle ;
gasp (v) = take one or more quick deep breaths with open mouth ;
accomplishment (n) = successful completion, thing achieved ;
will (n) = mental power by which a person can direct hs thoughts and actions or influence those of others;

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House – I

Telangana SCERT TS 10th Class English Guide Pdf Unit 5A The Storeyed House – I Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House – I

Social Issues:

Read the following quotation and answer the questions that follow.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I 1

Question 1.
What does the above line talk about?
Answer:
In the above lines the poet Tagore thinks that a society, which is not divided by communal, regional, religious and linguistic differences, is like a heaven itself. He even wishes his country to be such a heaven. The narrow feelings among the people such as communalism, regionalism, religious fundamentalism and linguistic fascinations divide the society into pieces.

They divide one section of people from others as narrow domestic walls. Tagore wishes that there should not be any differences, and discrimination among the people. All the people in our country should live in harmony, peace and fraternity. Then our country becomes a heaven of freedom.

Question 2.
What does the expression ‘the narrow domestic walls’ mean?
Answer:
The communal, religious, regional and linguistic differences among the people are called the narrow domestic walls, because they divide the society into pieces. They distinguish one section of people from the other like walls. Communalism, religious fundamentalism, regionalism, and linguistic feelings are the narrow ideas that divide people from one another.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I

Oral Discourse:

Speech – ‘Social evils are the hurdles for the development of the country.’
(Social evils; causes; consequences and your role in making the world heaven of freedom).
Answer:
Social & cultural practices that have adverse or negative impact on all, or some group of people including girls women, and dalit are known as social evils. Social evils exist in almost all societies, communities, religion, regions are civilization since time immemorial.

The only difference is educated & developed societies have released, and given up the practices that are unscientific, inhuman, undemocratic and discriminatory. On the other hand, developing countries with a large percentage of illiterate, ignorant and unexploited masses of people are yet to give up the various aspect of social evils.

However the combined effort of law, act, education and awareness, democratic principles, modern and western influence have been helping to gradually eradicate these time immemorial practices. In practice, the various type of society evil do prevail in the day-to-day the severity of the social evils in much more in rural areas than the urban centers.

Impact of social evils and problems:

  1. Felling of nationalism and petrolism declines.
  2. Deprivation of fundamental rights / human rights.
  3. Deprivation of social culture rights & privileges.
  4. Social communal and political conflict / violence, hatered, grudge.
  5. Increase poverty and deprivation.
  6. Sovernity, democracy and unity became weaker.
  7. Narrow division of society / community.
  8. The effort of planned development cannot achive the object of equity, equaity and quality life.
  9. Lack of equal aspect, support and co-ordinate among the people at different levels.
  10. Psychological / pressure / develop inferiority complex
  11. Pack of mass baed political participation.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I

I. Answer the following Questions:

Question 1.
Who was Bayaji? Where did he work?
Answer:
Bayaji was a sixty year old man with sound health. He was a Mehar by caste. He worked for thirty five years as a porter in the dockyard in Bombay. He retired as a supervisor.

Question 2.
Why did he return home?
Answer:
Bayaji retired from his service as a supervisor in the dockyard. He thought that there was no longer any reason to hang around in Bombay. So he decided to come back to his own village. He wanted to live his remaining life in his own village with his own people. He had a big family but he owned a small house. He wanted to construct a big storeyed house for his family. So he returned home.

Question 3.
“Greetings to you, sir, how are things with you?” Bayaji greeted Bhujaba. Why did Bhujaba become furious?
Answer:
Bhujaba was a known rascal of the village. He belonged to a upper caste. When Bayaji greeted him by merely saying “Greetings sir,’ he became furious. He was expected to greet higher caste people by saying “My humble salutations sir”. Bhujaba thought, after embracing Buddhism, Bayaji himself must have felt an equal to a Brahmin. So he grudged about it and became furious.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I

Question 4.
Which religion did Bayaji embrace?
Answer:
Actually Bayaji belonged to Mehar, a dalit community of Maharashtra. Later he embraced Buddhism to escape the sufferings of untouchability.

Question 5.
Why was Bayaji tempted to knock down Bhujaba with his box?
Answer:
When Bayaji merely said “Greetings”, Bhujaba became furious and asked him if he thought he could become a Brahmin merely by saying “Greetings” and if he could forget his position simply because he had turned Buddhist. Bayaji was nonplussed to face those questions from Bhujaba and for a moment, he was tempted to knock Bhujaba down with his box.

Question 6.
Why do you think Bhujaba insisted on knowing the exact amount received by Bayaji on his retirement?
Answer:
He Bhujaba came to know that Bayaji was retired from his service and came to the village to spend the rest of his life there. Knew that Bayaji would get some amount of money towards retirement benefits. Actually, he was Jealous and greedy about Bayaji’s money.

He wanted to swindle at least four or five hundred rupees from Bayaji’s fund amount. So, I thought Bhujaba insisted on knowing the exact amount received by Bayaji on his retirement. In fact, Bhujaba respected him when he came to know that Bayaji had collected the fund amount some two and a half thousand rupees.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I

Question 7.
What was Bayaji’s dream?
Answer:
Bayaji’s dream was to build a storeyed house in his own village. He had a big family but a small house. Their house was so small that all the members of the family could not eat at once. The existing three-portioned house could not accommodate all the people in his large family. So his dream was to build a big storeyed house.

The Storeyed House – I Summary in English

Bayaji was a sixty year old man with sound health. He worked as a porter for thirty five years in the dockyard in Bombay. He retired from his service as a supervisor. He received two thousand five hundred rupees as fund amount. He thought that there was no longer any reason to hang around in Bombay. So he wanted to go back to his village to live his remaining life with his family.

Bayaji belonged to a Mehar caste, a low caste of Maharashtra. Later he embraced Buddhism. On reaching his village he met Bhujaba, a highercaste rascal. Bayaji greeted him by saying “Greetings Sir!”. Bhujaba thought his greetings had not any salutation and was not humble. So he showed his upper-caste grudge against Bayaji.

He asked him whether he had grown head strong and forgot his lower social position after embracing Buddhism. For a moment it annoyed and frustrated Bayaji. Bhujaba was jealous of Bayaji’s financial position. He enviously asked Bayaji how much money he received as fund amount after his retirement. He insisted Bayaji to tell the exact figure of his receipts.

On reaching the house all his family members received him delightfully. His mother, his beloved wife, all his eight children received him with warm welcome. His daughters, overcame with enthusiasm, like little children searched all his luggage, to see whether he had brought any gifts for them. On finding pots, pans, nails and photographs in his box they were a little disappointed.

They asked him fondly why he had not brought anything for them. Then Bayaji replied smilingly that he wanted to present a gift for them all which could last for ever. He told them that their house was very old and very small. It could not accommodate all his big family. So for their comfort he told them he decided to build a single Storeyed House for them.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I

Glossary:

Winding (adj) = having a curving and twisting shape ;
dispenssary (n) = a place where patients are treated, hospital ;
obstinate (adj) = stubborn ;
destination (n) = a place to which somebody is going to ;
sore (adj) = annoyed; upset and angry ;
goddammit (phr) = an expression used to show that one is angry or annoyed;
initial (adj) = first ;
momentum (n) = impetus gained by movement;
clambered (v) = climbed or moved with difficulty; climbed;
jostle (v) = to push roughly against somebody in a croud; push;
reluctantly (adv) = unwillingly;
truant (n . phr) = a child (a student) who stays away from school without leave or permission;
bang (n) = a sudden loud noise;
lurch (n) = to make a sudden, unsteady movement; forward or sideways(stagger away); a sudden movement;
helter – skelter (adv) = in disorderly haste;
stumble (v) = to hit your foot against something which you are walking or running;
heaved (v) = uttered (a sigh);
grunted (v) = made a short low sound in the threat;
hang around (phr . v) = to stay at a place not doing very much;
sundry (adj) = various; not important enough to be named;
dockyard (n) = place where ships are built and repaired;

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 5A The Storeyed House - I

non plussed (v) = so surprised and confused that you do not know what to do or say; Dumbfounded;
inter (v) = to bury a dead person;
incur (v) = to become liable for;
hostility (n) = enmity;
persist (v) = to continue to do something ;
artfully (adv) = cleverly ;
swindle (v) = to cheat somebody in order to get something ;
scampered (v) = ran quickly ;
scrambled (v) = to move quickly especially with great difficulty;
mock (adj) = not sincere ;
conceal (v) = hide ;
cling (v) = to hold on tightly to somebody ; cling-clung-clung
obey (v) = to do what you are told or expected to do;
fling (v) = to throw ; fling-flung-flung;
temple (n) = each of the flat part at the sides of the head ;
be doing well (pharase) = to be in good health ;
godly (adj) = living a moral life based on religious principles ;
adequqte (adj) = enough in quantity, sufficient ;
auspicious (adj) = showing signs that something is likely to be successful in the future; promising ;
Mahar (n) = a dalit community in Maharastra (Their main occupations are wall mending, sweeping or agricultural labour.);
pleasantries (n) = jocular or humorous remarks;
sturdy (adj) = strong and solid;

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

These TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits with Answers Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 1.
The process of re-emission of absorbed light ¡n all directions with different intensities by the atom or molecule is called
(A) scattering of light
(B) dispersion of light
(C) reflection of light
(D) refraction of light
Answer:
(A) scattering of light

Question 2.
The least distance of distinct vision for a healthy adult with normal vision is about ( );
(A) 2.5 cm
(B) 25 m
(C) 25 cm
(D) 25 mm
Answer:
(A) 2.5 cm

Question 3.
The human eye forms the image of an object on its ( )
(A) iris
(B) retina
(C) pupil
(D) cornea
Answer:
(C) pupil

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 4.
The focal length of a normal eye lens ‘s about ( )
(A) 2 cm
(B) 25 m
(C) 1 m
(D) 1 mm
Answer:
(B) 25 m

Question 5.
During refraction, the physical factor that changes is ( )
(A) frequency
(B) speed of light
(C) wavelength
(D) All of A, B & C
Answer:
(A) frequency

Question 6.
An Iron ball coated with soot and held under water appears as a ball of ………………….. . ( )
(A) copper
(B) polished silver
(C) shining gold
(D) brass
Answer:
(C) shining gold

Question 7.
A transparent medium separated from the surrounding medium by atleast two Inclined plane surfaces is called. ( )
(A) lens
(B) convex mirror
(C) parabolic mirror
(D) prism
Answer:
(A) lens

Question 8.
The angle between the incident ray and emergent ray In a prism Is called : ()
(A) critical angle
(B) angle of deviation
(C) angle of prism
(D) angle of reflection
Answer:
(D) angle of reflection

Question 9.
An eye specialist advised Prabha to use 2D lens. Its focal length is ………………….. . ( )
(A) 100 cm
(B) 200 cm
(C) 20 cm
(D) 50 cm
Answer:
(D) 50 cm

Question 10.
The part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering the eye is ( )
(A) pupil
(B) retina
(C) iris
(D) cornea
Answer:
(A) pupil

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 11.
The colour of the light that bends the most when white light is dispered is ( )
(A) red
(B) green
(C) yellow
(D) violet
Answer:
(D) violet

Question 12.
The twinkling of stars is the effect of ( )
(A) reflection of light
(B) movement of stars
(C) position of stars
(D) atmospheric refraction
Answer:
(D) atmospheric refraction

Question 13.
The change in focal length of the eye-lens is caused by: ( )
(A) chordiac muscle
(B) ciliary muscles
(C) pupil
(D) retina
Answer:
(B) ciliary muscles

Question 14.
The size of an object as seen by an eye depends upon ( )
(A) aperture of the pupil
(B) size of object
(C) distance of object from the eye
(D) distance of Image from eye lens
Answer:
(C) distance of object from the eye

Question 15.
When we see an object, the image formed on the retina is ( )
(A) virtual
(B) real
(C) inverted
(D) both B&C
Answer:
(D) both B&C

Question 16.
The defect of the eye caused when the Image of distant object is focussed before retina : ( )
(A) Myopia
(B) Hypermetropia
(C) Presbyopia
(D) Astigmatism
Answer:
(A) Myopia

Question 17.
People suffering from both myopia and hypermetropia are advised to use : ( )
(A) biconvex lenses
(B) biconcave lenses
(C) cylindrical lenses
(D) bifocal lenses
Answer:
(D) bifocal lenses

Question 18.
The defect of the eye that Is caused by weakening of the ciliary muscles Is called ……….. .( )
(A) Myopia
(B) Presbyopla
(C) Hyper ametropia
(D) Astigmatism
Answer:
(B) Presbyopla

Question 19.
Hyper metropole Is also known as ( )
(A) short-sightedness
(B) cataract
(C) lar sightedness
(D) presbyopia
Answer:
(C) lar sightedness

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 20.
The ability of the eye lens to adjust its focal length is called. ( )
(A) accommodation
(B) adjustment
(C) rectification
(D) none
Answer:
(A) accommodation

Question 21.
Light enters the eye through a thin membrane called : ( )
(A) Iris
(B) Cornea
(C) Retina
(D) Aqueous humour
Answer:
(B) Cornea

Question 22.
The part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil is ( )
(A) Cornea
(B) Retina
(C) Iris
(D) Optic nerve
Answer:
(C) Iris

Question 23.
The farthest point upto which a human eye can see objects clearly is called the …………….. . ()
(A) near point
(B) fixed point
(C) far point
(D) null point
Answer:
(C) far point

Question 24.
Hypermetropia arises because ……………………. . ( )
(A) focal length of eye lens is too long
(B) eyeball has become too small
(C) retina is too small
(D) both A & B
Answer:
(D) both A & B

Question 25.
Splitting of white light into band of colours is called:  ( )
(A) devIation
(B) dispersion
(C) diffraction
(D) polarisation
Answer:
(B) dispersion

Question 26.
Prism angle and refractive index for a prism are 600 and 1.414 then angle of minimum deviation will be ……………………. . ( )
(A) 15°
(B) 30°
(C) 45°
(D) 60°
Answer:
(B) 30°

Question 27.
In the visible spectrum (VIBGYOR) the colour having the shortest wavelength Is ………………. . ( )
(A) green
(B) red
(C) violet
(D) blue
Answer:
(C) violet

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 28.
A camera consists of a ……….. lens to form ……………………. mages. ( )
(A) diverging, real
(B) diverging, virtual
(C) converging, real
(D) converging, virtual
Answer:
(C) converging, real

Question 29.
When the eye is focussed on an object very far away, the focal length of the eyelens is …………………. . ( )
(A) maximum
(B) minimum
(C) equal to that of the crystalline lens
(D) half of Its maximum focal length
Answer:
(A) maximum

Question 30.
A lens has a power of +0.5 D. It is …………………… . ( )
(A) a convex lens of focal length 5 m
(B) a convex lens of focal length 5 cm
(C) a convex lens of focal length 2 m
(D) a concave lens of focal length 2 m
Answer:
(C) a convex lens of focal length 2 m

Question 31.
The combination responsible for admitting different amounts of light Into the eye is ………. ( )
(A) ciliary muscles and crystalline lens
(B) ciliary muscles and pupil
(C) iris and pupil
(D) rods and cones
Answer:
(C) iris and pupil

Question 32.
The number of surfaces bounding a prism are ……………………… . ( )
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 6
Answer:
(C) 5

Question 33.
A person cannot distinguish between different colours. There is a problem with his ……… . ()
(A) cornea
(B) ciliary muscles
(C) cones
(D) rods
Answer:
(D) rods

Question 34.
The power of accommodation for the normal eye is ( )
(A) 4D
(B) 40 D
(C) 44 D
(D) 400 D
Answer:
(A) 4D

Question 35.
Hypermetropia can be corrected by ………………………. . ( )
(A) concave mirror
(B) concave lens
(C) convex mirror
(D) convex lens
Answer:
(D) convex lens

Question 36.
Most of the refraction of light rays entering the eye occurs at the outer surface of …………. . ( )
(A) cornea
(B) iris
(C) retina
(D) ciliary muscles
Answer:
(A) cornea

Question 37.
The front portion of eyeball is covered by a transparent protective membrane called ………… . ()
(A) cornea
(B) pupil
(C) Iris
(D) retina
Answer:
(A) cornea

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 38.
If f is negative, this indicates that it is a ………………………….. lens. ( )
(A) concave
(B) convex
(C) plane
(D) bi-focal
Answer:
(A) concave

Question 39.
If the power of lens is 2D, the focal length of the lens is ……………….. . ( )
(A) 100 cm
(8) 50 cm
(C) 200 cm
(D) 25 cm
Answer:
(A) 100 cm

Question 40.
The angle between the plane surfaces of a prism is called …………………. . ( )
(A) angle of prism
(B) deviation of prism
(C) minimum deviation of prism
(D) angle of incidence
Answer:
(C) minimum deviation of prism

Question 41.
The phenomenon of light scattering in gases and liquids was explained by ( )
(A) Newton
(B) Christian Huygen
(C) C.V. Raman
(D) Faraday
Answer:
(C) C.V. Raman

Question 42.
The distance between the eye lens and retina is about …………………… . ( )
(A) 20 cm
(B) 25 cm
(C) 15 cm
(D) 2.5 cm
Answer:
(D) 2.5 cm

Question 43.
The maximum focal length of the eye lens is about …………………. . ( )
(A) 20 cm
(B) 2.5 cm
(C) 15 cm
(D) 25 cm
Answer:
(B) 2.5 cm

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 44.
The power of lens is 1D, then focal length is …………………….. . ( )
(A) 1 cm
(B) 10 cm
(C) 100 cm
(D) 50 cm
Answer:
(C) 100 cm

Question 45.
Hypermetropia can be corrected by using ……………………. lens. ( )
(A) convex
(B) concave
(C) bi-convex
(D) bi-concave
Answer:
(C) bi-convex

Question 46.
During refraction of light, the character of light which does not change is ……………….. .( )
(A) wavelength
(B) frequency
(C) speed
(D) colour
Answer:
(B) frequency

Question 47.
The ……………………… of light changes when it travels from one medium to another medium. ( )
(A) wavelength
(B) frequency
(C) speed
(D) colour
Answer:
(C) speed

Question 48.
Short-sightedness can be removed by using ……………… lenses. ( )
(A) concave
(B) convex
(C) Plano concave
(D) piano-convex
Answer:
(A) concave

Question 49.
The line joining the centres of curvature of the two surfaces of lens Is called its ( )
(A) radius of curvature
(B) focal length
(C) principal axis
(D) pole
Answer:
(C) principal axis

Question 50.
……………………………. reflection does not obey laws of reflection. ( )
(A) irregular
(B) regular
(C) plane
(D) curved
Answer:
(A) irregular

Question 51.
The middle point of the Iris has a hole which Is called …………………… . ( )
(A) pupil
(B) ciliary muscle
(C) iris
(D) diaphragm
Answer:
(A) pupil

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 52.
The screen on which the image Is formed by the lens system of the human eye is called ……………………… . ( )
(A) pupil
(B) retina
(C) Iris
(D) lens
Answer:
(B) retina

Question 53.
……………………… responds to the intensity of light. ( )
(A) rods
(B) cones
(C) ciliary muscles
(D) retina
Answer:
(B) cones

Question 54.
…………………. respond to colour by generating electrical nerve pulses. ( )
(A) rods
(B) cones
(C) eyelid
(D) retina
Answer:
(A) rods

Question 55.
The closest distance at which the eye can focus clearly Is called the …………………… . ( )
(A) far point
(B) near point
(C) focus point
(D) clear point
Answer:
(B) near point

Question 56.
The defect of the eye due to which a person Is unable to distinguish between certain colours, known as ………………………….. . ( )
(A) colour blindness
(B) astigmatism
(C) presbyopia
(D) chromatic aberration
Answer:
(B) astigmatism

Question 57.
The band of colours produced on the screen is called ……………………. . ( )
(A) colour band
(B) range of colours
(C) spray of colours
(D) spectrum
Answer:
(D) spectrum

Question 58.
The smallest distance, at which the eye can see objects clearly without strain, is called the ……………………… of the eye. ( )
(A) far point
(B) near point
(C) focal point
(D) endpoint
Answer:
(B) near point

Question 59.
Sunlight comprises …………………….. colours. ( )
(A) 3
(B) 7
(C) 6
(D) 0
Answer:
(B) 7

Question 60.
The wavelength of red colour is ……………………… . ( )
(A) 7 x 10-7m
(B) 7 x 10-6m
(C) 7 x 10-8m
(D) 7 x 10-10m
Answer:
(A) 7 x 10-7m

Question 61.
In n = \(\frac{\sin \left(\frac{A+D}{2}\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{A}{2}\right)} \) ‘D ‘ is the ……………………… . ( )
(A) angle of prism
(B) angle of Incidence
(C) angle of emergence
(D) angle of minimum deviation
Answer:
(D) angle of minimum deviation

Question 62.
The refractive index of a medium depends on ……………………… of light. ( )
(A) speed
(B) wavelength
(C) frequency
(D) colour
Answer:
(B) wavelength

Question 63.
The relation between angle of incidence (i1) angle of emergence (i2) angle of deviation (d) and angle of prism (A) is ……………………… . ( )
(A) A+i1=d+i2
(B) A-i2=i2-d
(C) A+d=i1-i2
(D) A-i2 = d + i1
Answer:
(B) A-i2=i2-d

Question 64.
Power of lens P = ……………………….. ( )
(A) \(\frac{1}{f} \)
(B) \(\frac{1}{D} \)
(C) \(\frac{f}{100} \)
(D) \(\frac{D}{100}\)
Answer:
(A) \(\frac{1}{f} \)

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 65.
To see the whole object, the angle of vision at the eye should be about ……………… ()
(A) 45°
(B) 60°
(C) 42°
(D) 36°
Answer:
(B) 60°

Question 66.
……………………….. are the receptors which identify colour. ( )
(A) cones
(B) ciliary muscles
(C) rods
(D) optic nerves
Answer:
(C) rods

Question 67.
The point of maximum distance at which the eye lens can form an Image on the retina is called ………………………. ( )
(A) near point
(B) far point
(C) focal point
(D) optic centre
Answer:
(B) far point

Question 68.
A person suffering from hyper metropla cannot see the objects at ……………………… .()
(A) near distance
(B) longer distance
(C) any distance
(D) close to eye
Answer:
(A) near distance

Question 69.
The ability of accommodation of the eye usually decreases with ageing. This defect is called ( )
(A) myopia
(B) hyper metropole
(C) colour blindness
(D) presbyopia
Answer:
(D) presbyopia

Question 70.
……………………….. has shortest wavelength in VIBGYOR.
(A) red
(B) green
(C) blue
(D) violet
Answer:
(D) violet

Question 71.
Blue colour of the sky is a result of ……………………. .
(A) scattering
(B) dispersion
(C) reflection
(D) refraction
Answer:
(B) dispersion

Question 72.
‘presbyopia’ can be corrected by using a ………………………… .
(A) convex lens
(B) concave lens
(C) bi-focal lens
(D) plane lens
Answer:
(C) bi-focal lens

Question 73.
Light is an …………………………. wave.
(A) electromagnetic
(B) longitudinal
(C) progressive
(D) stationary
Answer:
(A) electromagnetic

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 74.
The colours of light which bends most and least are
(A) Red and Blue
(B) Blue and Red
(C) Violet and Red
(D) Red and Violet
Answer:
(C) Violet and Red

Question 75.
Dispersion of light through a prism is
(A) same as reflection
(B) same as refraction
(C) splitting of white light into its constituent colours
(D) none of the above
Answer:
(C) splitting of white light into its constituent colours

Question 76.
At noon the sun appears white as ( )
(A) light is least scattered
(B) all the colours of the white light are scattered away
(C) blue colour is scattered the most
(D) red colour Is scattered the most
Answer:
(A) light is least scattered

Question 77.
The danger signals installed at the top of the tall buildings are red In colour. These can be easily seen from a distance because among all other colours the red light. ( )
(A) Is scattered the most by smoke or fog
(B) Is scattered the least by smoke or fog
(C) is absorbed the most by smoke or fog
(D) moves fastest in air
Answer:
(B) Is scattered the least by smoke or fog

Question 78.
Which of the following defects can be corrected by cylindrical lens? ( )
(A) Myopia
(B) Hypermetropia
(C) Presbyopla
(D) Astigmatism
Answer:
(D) Astigmatism

Question 79.
The colours that deviate maximum/minimum in visible spectrum are ( )
(A) red/violet
(B) green/yellow
(C) violet/red
(D) yellow/green
Answer:
(C) violet/red

Question 80.
The deviation of which colour light is taken as mean deviation? ( )
(A) red
(B) yellow
(C) orange
(D) blue
Answer:
(B) yellow

Question 81.
A white colour object ( )
(A) absorbs all colours
(B) reflects all the colours
(C) transmits all colours
(D) scatters all colours
Answer:
(B) reflects all the colours

Question 82.
Blue colour of the sky is due to ………….. molecules present in the atmosphere.( )
(A) Water vapour and Krypton
(B) Carbon dioxide and Carbon monoxide
(C) Nitrogen and Oxygen
(D) Krypton and Carbon monoxide
Answer:
(C) Nitrogen and Oxygen

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 5 Human Eye and Colourful World

Question 83.
The reason behind the blue colour of the sky is ……………………. .( )
(A) Reflection of light
(B) Refraction of light
(C) Dispersion of light
(D) Scattering of light
Answer:
(D) Scattering of light

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

These TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits with Answers Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces will help students to enhance their time management skills.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 1.
The surface of a polished metal spoon bulged outwards can be approximated to a ………………….. mirror. ( )
(A) convex
(B) plane
(C) concave
(D) cubical
Answer:
(A) convex

Question 2.
If the object Is at Infinity from a concave mirror the size of the image formed is ……………. . ( )
(A) highly enlarged
(B) point sized
(C) same size as object
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) point sized

Question 3.
The image which cannot be caught on a screen Is called ( )
(A) enlarged image
(B) real image
(C) diminished image
(D) virtual Image
Answer:
(D) virtual Image

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 4.
The mirror that can be used conveniently as shaving mirror. ( )
(A) plane mirror
(B) convex mirror
(C) concave mirror
(D) parabolic mirror
Answer:
(C) concave mirror

Question 5.
The Image formed by a plane mirror is ( )
(A) real
(B) virtual
(C) enlarged
(D) diminished
Answer:
(B) virtual

Question 6.
The principal focus of a spherical mirror is denoted by the letter. ( )
(A) F
(B) R
(C) C
(D) P
Answer:
(A) F

Question 7.
The centre of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror Is called ( )
(A) pole
(B) focus
(C) centre of curvature
(D) null point
Answer:
(A) pole

Question 8.
In case of a concave mirror a ray parallel to the principal axis after reflection passes through. ( )
(A) centre of curvature
(B) pole
(C) focus
(D) centre of gravity
Answer:
(C) focus

Question 9.
A highly polished surface Is called ( )
(A) lens
(B) mirror
(C) prism
(D) glass slab
Answer:
(B) mirror

Question 10.
If u=25 cm, and v=37.5 cm, the focal length of the concave mirror is (observe the sign convention) ( )
(A) 31.25 cm
(B) 15 cm
(C) -15 cm
(D) -12.5 cm
Answer:
(C) -15 cm

Question 11.
The distances measured In the direction of incident light are taken ……………. in case of a spherical mirror: ( )
(A) +ve
(B) -ve
(C) either +ve or -ve
(D) none of these
Answer:
(A) +ve

Question 12.
Height of object or height of image is considered as …………. If measured downwards from principal axis : ( )
(A) +ve
(B) -ve
(C) either +ve or -ve
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) -ve

Question 13.
If u’ is the object distance and ‘v’ is the image distance, the magnification, m = ()
(A) -v/u
(B) -u/v
(C) v/u
(D) v+u/u
Answer:
(A) -v/u

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 14.
The distance between the principal focus and the pole of a curved mirror is called : ( )
(A) radius of curvature
(B) object distance
(C) image distance
(D) focal length
Answer:
(D) focal length

Question 15.
The centre of the sphere to which the concave mirror is a part is known as ()
(A) centre of curvature
(B) focus
(C) pole of mirror
(D) centre of gravity
Answer:
(A) centre of curvature

Question 16.
If the focal length of a concave mirror ì 50 cm, its radius of curvature is ( )
(A) 100 cm
(B) 25 cm
(C) 50 cm
(D) 75 cm
Answer:
(A) 100 cm

Question 17.
The surface of the head light of a motor vehicle is of ………………………. shape. ( )
(A) concave
(B) plane
(C) convex
(D) helix
Answer:
(C) convex

Question 18.
If the object is beyond ‘c’ of a concave mirror the nature of image is ( )
(A) real
(B) inverted
(C) diminished
(D) all of A,B & C
Answer:
(D) all of A,B & C

Question 19.
The ray which is emergent from the object and reaches the pole of the mirror is
……………………… to the principal axis ( )
(A) parallel
(B) normal
(C) inclined at 60°
(D) coincident
Answer:
(B) normal

Question 20.
To form a shadow the following are needed ( )
(A) source of light
(B) opaque object
(C) screen
(D) All of A, B & C
Answer:
(D) All of A, B & C

Question 21.
The line joining the pole of a curved mirror to its centre of curvature is called ( )
(A) coordinate axis
(B) princpal axis
(C) central axis
(D) none of these
Answer:
(B) princpal axis

Question 22.
When parallel rays are Incident on a concave mirror, on reflection they meet at the
(A) pole
(B) centre of curvature
(C) centre of mass
(D) focus
Answer:
(D) focus

Question 23.
The nature of Image formed when the object is placed between concave mirror and F is ( )
(A) real
(B) virtual
(C) diminished
(D) none of the above
Answer:
(B) virtual

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 24.
The mirrors used by dentists to examine the teeth of a patient are ( )
(A) concave
(B) convex
(C) plane
(D) cylindrical
Answer:
(A) concave

Question 25.
The light ray emerging from the tip of object and passing through centre of curvature gets reflected ( )
(A) perpendicular to incident ray
(B) at an inclination of 60° to Incident ray
(C) along the same line
(D) along a line parallel to incident ray
Answer:
(C) along the same line

Question 26.
If the object is kept between F and C of a concave mirror the image Is formed
(A) at C
(B) between P and F
(C) at F
(D) beyond C
Answer:
(D) beyond C

Question 27.
A virtual enlarged image ¡s formed by a concave mirror when the object is kept ( )
(A) beyond C
(B) between Fand C
(C) between P and F
(D) at C
Answer:
(C) between P and F

Question 28.
Convention for the parameters connected to mirror equation is: All the distances should be measured from :
(A) centre of curvature
(B) foucs
(C) pole of mirror
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) pole of mirror

Question 29.
The rearview mirror of a motor car is a ………………………. mirror ()
(A) convex
(B) concave
(C) hyperbolic
(D) cylindrical
Answer:
(A) convex

Question 30.
When torch light is focussed on a wall the beam observed is ()
(A) parallel
(B) focussed at a point
(C) convergent
(D) divergent
Answer:
(D) divergent

Question 31.
Reshma focussed a light ray onto the mirror and the light ray comes back in ( )
(A) broken line
(B) straight line
(C) curved line
(D) circle
Answer:
(B) straight line

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 32.
Light ( )
(i) requires medium to propagate.
(ii) travels at a velocity of 3x 108m/s in air or vaccum.
(iii) travels in straight lines
Now which of the following statements are correct
(A) i & ii
(B) i, ii, & iii
(C) i only
(D) ii & iii only
Answer:
(D) ii & iii only

Question 33.
Out of the following identify the transparent medium ()
(i) cardboard
(ii) water
(iii) plywood sheet
(iv) air
(A) i & ii
(B) i & iii
(C) ii & iv
(D) i, ii & iii
Answer:
(C) ii & iv

Question 34.
Out of the following which is translucent medium? ()
(i) glass
(ii) stone
(iii) oil paper
(iv) ground glass
(A) iii & iv
(B) i & iii
(C) ii & iii
(D) i & iii
Answer:
(A) iii & iv

Question 35.
If heIght of image is hi and height of object is h0, then magnification, m is ()
(A) h0/hi
(B) hi/h0
(C) \(\frac{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{i}}-\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}}{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}}\)
(D) \(\frac{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{i}}+\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}}{\mathrm{h}_{\mathrm{o}}} \)
Answer:
(B) hi/h0

Question 36.
Image distance is (-37.5 cm) and object distance is (-25.0 cm), magnification, m =
(A) -1.5
(B) 10/15
(C) 1.5
(D) 3
Answer:
(C) 1.5

Question 37.
The TV dish antenna resembles the shape of ( )
(A) convex mirror
(B) cylindrical mirror
(C) plane mirror
(D) concave mirror
Answer:
(D) concave mirror

Question 38.
“Light chooses the path which takes the least time to travel” This is known as ( )
(A) Huygens’ wave theory
(B) Newton’s corpuscular theory
(C) Fermat’s principle
(D) Snell’s law
Answer:
(C) Fermat’s principle

Question 39.
The angle between the normal at point of incidence and the incident ray Is called the angle of ( )
(A) reflection
(B) incidence
(C) refraction
(D) minimum deviation
Answer:
(B) incidence

Question 40.
The angle between the normal and reflected ray Is called ( )
(A) angle of incidence
(B) critical angle
(C) angle of deviation
(D) angle of reflection
Answer:
(D) angle of reflection

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 41.
A collection of large number of light rays is called a …………………….. of light. ( )
(A) pack
(B) cluster
(C) beam
(D) wave
Answer:
(C) beam

Question 42.
When a collection of light rays travel parallel to one another such collection of rays is called ………………… beam of light. ( )
(A) convergent
(B) divergent
(C) parallel
(D) coincident
Answer:
(C) parallel

Question 43.
The path along which light energy travels in a given direction is called ……………… of light. ( )
(A) ray
(B) pack
(C) wave
(D) quantum
Answer:
(A) ray

Question 44.
When the rays of light coming from different directions meet at a point, then the collection or such rays is called ( )
(A) divergent beam
(B) parallel beam
(C) convergent beam
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) convergent beam

Question 45.
When the rays of light starting from a point travel in different directions such collection of rays is called ( )
(A) divergent beam
(B) convergent beam
(C) parallel beam
(D) dispersed beam
Answer:
(A) divergent beam

Question 46.
A medium through which light can travel freely Is called ………………………. medium. ( )
(A) translucent
(B) opaque
(C) transparent
(D) none of these
Answer:
(A) translucent

Question 47.
Karuna observed her image on a mirror to be magnified. This is due to the beam of light gets : ( )
(A) converged
(B) diverged
(C) both A & B
(D) none
Answer:
(B) diverged

Question 48.
The bodies which emit light and act as sources of light are called ……………………. bodies. ( )
(A) luminous
(B) gloomy
(C) shining
(D) glowing
Answer:
(A) luminous

Question 49.
The ratio of the focal length of spherical mirror to its radius of curvature is ()
(A) 0.5
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
Answer:
(A) 0.5

Question 50.
The image formed by a concave mirror ( )
(A) is always real
(B) is always virtual
(C) can be both real and virtual
(D) none of these
Answer:
(C) can be both real and virtual

Question 51.
Starting from a long distance, a flame is moved towards a convex mirror. Then the image ( )
(A) decreases In size and moves towards pole
(B) increase in size and moves towards pole
(C) decrease in size and moves away from pole
(D) increase in size and moves away from pole
Answer:
(B) increase in size and moves towards pole

Question 52.
For real and inverted image magnification is ( )
(A) negative
(B) positive
(C) A and B
(D) none
Answer:
(A) negative

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 53.
For a virtual and erect image magnification is ( )
(A) negative
(B) positive
(C) A and B
(D) none
Answer:
(A) negative

Question 54.
A ray which seems to be travelling through the focus of a convex mirror pass ……………… after reflection. ( )
(A) parallel to the axis
(B) along the same path in opposite direction
(C) through F
(D) through C
Answer:
(D) through C

Question 55.
The image formed by a concave mirror is virtual, erect and magnified. The position of object is ( )
(A) at Focus
(B) between focus and centre of curvature
(C) at pole
(D) between pole and focus
Answer:
(B) between focus and centre of curvature

Question 56.
In order to obtain a magnification of -2 with a concave mirror, the object should be placed. ( )
(A) between pole and focus
(B) between focus and centre of curvature
(C) at the centre of curvature
(D) beyond the centre of curvature
Answer:
(C) at the centre of curvature

Question 57.
The magnification of an object placed at a distance of 6cm in front of a concave mirror is — 3. It mears ( )
(A) The image Is formed at a distance of 2 cm in front of the mirror
(B) The image is formed at a distance of 2 cm in the mirror
(C) The image is formed at a distance of 18 cm in front of the mirror
(D) The image is formed at a distance of 18 cm in the mirror
Answer:
(C) The image is formed at a distance of 18 cm in front of the mirror

TS 10th Class Physical Science Bits Chapter 1 Reflection of Light at Curved Surfaces

Question 58.
Convex mirror is used as ……………………. . ( )
(A) Shaving mirror
(B) Focussing mirror
(C) Rear-view mirror
(D) Vehicle head-lights reflector
Answer:
(C) Rear-view mirror

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Telangana SCERT TS 10th Class English Guide Pdf Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem) Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

This morning she bought green ‘methi’
in the market, choosing the freshest bunch;
picked up a white radish,
imagined the crunch it would make
between her teeth, the sweet sharp taste,
then put it aside, thinking it
an extravagance, counted her coins
out carefully, tied them, a small bundle
into, her sari at the waist;
came home, faced her mother-in-law’s
dark looks, took
the leaves and chopped them,
her hands stained yellow from the juice;
cut an onion, fine and cooked
the whole thing in the pot
over the stove,
shielding her face from the heat.

The usual words came and beat
their wings against her: the money spent,
curses heaped upon her parents,
who had sent her out
to darken other people’s doors.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

She crouched, as usual, on the floor
beside the stove,
When the man came home
she did not look into his face
nor raise her head; but bent
her back a little more.
Nothing gave her the right to speak.

She watched the flame hiss up
and beat against the cheap old pot,
a wing of brightness
against its blackened cheek.

This was the house she had been sent to,
the man she had been bound to,
the future she had been born into.

So when the kerosene was thrown
(just a moment of surprise,
A brilliant spark)
It was the only choice
that she had ever known.

Another torch, blazing in the dark.
Another woman.
We shield our faces from the heat.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Comprehension :

I. Answer the following Questions:

Question 1.
The woman thought of buying a white radish but later on decided against it thinking it an extravagance. Do you think it is an extravagance? Support your answer.
Answer:
It is not an extravagance for a normal woman. But it is an extravagance for the woman ¡n the poem. Her counting the coins carefully shows us the poverty of the woman. Not only that, when she reaches home, her mother-in-law curses her for spending money. Hence, I think, buying the radish is an extravagance for her.

Question 2.
What does the phrase ‘mother-in-law’s dark looks’ suggest?
Answer:
‘Mother-in-law’s dark looks’ suggests that she is angry with her daughter-in-law. The
daughter-in-law has to face the harsh behaviour and words of her mother-in-law. The
mother-in-law always curses her and her parents.

Question 3.
“The usual words came and beat ” (line 19). Where did the words come from? Why?
Answer:
The words came from the girl’s mother-in-law. Her mother-in-law used to curse her for spending money in the market. The mother-in-law also cursed her parents for sending her to their house as a bad women to spoil their fortune.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Question 4.
Why did the woman crouch on the floor ? (line 24)
Answer:
The woman listened to the harsh words crouching on the floor beside the stove. She didn’t have any right to raise her voice against the injustice insisted upon her. She bore all her sufferings silently. She didn’t want to resist her mother-in-law. Hence, she crouched on the floor.

Question 5.
Why do you think the woman bent her back a little more when her husband came home ? Was her husband helpful ? Support your answer quoting from the poem.
Answer:
When her husband came home, the woman bent her back a little more as he never paid attention to the sufferings of her. He was not helpful. The lines, “When the man came home she did not look into his face nor raise her head; but bent her back a little more”, suggest us that she didn’t have any faith in him. From her husband also, she would not get any care. Though he knew about his mother’s cursing her, he remained silently..

Question 6.
What does the phrase “as usual” suggest ?
Answer:
he phrase ‘as usual’ suggests that the mother-in-law’s cursing her is a common thing for her. She daily faces those harsh words from her mother-in-law. She bears them all silently. When she is being cursed, she crouches on the floor, beside the stove listening to the harsh words of her mother-in-law.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Question 7.
The last line of the first stanza talks about the woman shielding her face from heat whereas the last line of the poem talks about people shielding their face from the heat. How are they different ?
Answer:
In the first stanza, the woman tries to protect her face in order to protect herself from the heat. The last line of the poem suggest that the people are turning their faces from the harsh realities of our society. Though the people know about the sufferings being faced by the women, no one comes forward to act against it.

Question 8.
“So when the kerosene was thrown….” Who threw the kerosene ? Why ? Support your answer quoting from the poem.
Answer:
The woman herself threw at her and committed the suicide. The lines, “So when the kerosene was thrown” and “It was the only choice that she had ever known,” suggest this. She silently bore all her sufferings without even making a complaint against her mother-in-law and her husband. She didn’t have any right to speak anything in that house. She didn’t have patience to bear her sufferings any more. Hence, she decided to commit suicide.

Question 9.
What does the title suggest ?
Answer:
The title “Another Woman” suggests that domestic violence is not a case which could be applied to a single woman. The woman in the poem is a typical example of the woman who is imposed to the domestic violence. She is a representative of the whole women who are experiencing same condition. There are more women in our society who are struggling like her.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Question 10.
Words do not have wings, but the author used them as if they had wings (………….. the usual words came and beat their wings against ………..) This is a literary device called personification. Find out the other instances of personification in the poem.
Answer:

  1. Curses heaped upon her parents.
  2. She watched the flame hiss up and beat against the cheap old pot.
  3. A wing of brightness against its blackened cheek.

In the above instances

  1. ‘Curses’ are personified by using ‘heaped’.
  2. ‘Flame’ is personified by using ‘hiss up’.
  3. ‘Brightness is personified by using ‘wing’ and ‘pot’ is personified by using ‘blackened check’.

Question 11.
In the story ‘The Journey’, the author used the journey as a symbol of life. You will find such symbols in this poem too. Pick them out and talk about them.
Answer:
The title ‘Another Woman’ is the symbol of the number of women who are ending lives against domestic violence. The mother-in-law’s dark looks’ is the symbol of her angry. ‘Usual’ is the symbol of the woman’s facing the sufferings daily.
‘To darken’ is the symbol of bringing ill-luck.
‘Crouch’ is the symbol of modesty.
‘Another torch’ is the symbol of another woman who is going to end her life.

Question 12.
Write a critical appreciation of the poem, ‘Another woman’ highlighting the social issue it deals with.
Answer:
Basic themes on which the poem revolves around
Wife/Daughter-in-Law = Servant l DOWRY
Importance/Significance of the Male compared to the Female
Could relate to any ‘Indian’ Woman {rural areas of the Indian Sub-continent)
Domestic Violence

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Imtiaz Dharker pictures the pathetic condition of a wife in her Poem,”

Another Woman.” The woman here lives for her family, but life is a constant struggle for her. She eats last & the least & so is poverty-stricken.

I liked the way the poetess presented the attitude of one woman to the other of the same family as she proclaims it through the dark looks of mother-in-laws.

The Poetess shows her protest towards the men who view women as silly reproductive commodities.

For her, the living & dying has not much difference. We can compare the attitude of Imtiaz Dharker with that of Kamala Das in’ Ghanashyam’ as the former sees no difference between life & death whereas the latter believes the death as the only salvation.

The Poetess reminds the submissiveness of a woman who takes in charge of a home as she had been repeatedly advised of her future life at husband’s home.

Still, when she burns herself for survival, the world has no problem in dealing with it.

Even though the poem is not rhythmical, the flaming agitation against the molestation of woman sets out a perfect platform for the poem to discuss with.

The title of the poem is very aptly chosen as it is a very prevalent and common thing, at least in the rural areas of the Indian Sub-continent, where these customs are followed. Mrs. Dharker, being a British citizen, has written a very effective and factual poem on the customs prevalent in her land of birth and the nations around it.

The title, in my opinion, is the most effective one because this treatment and this incident can happen to any woman. Any other woman. Maybe not in the western countries but here, the Indian Subcontinent, especially rural areas, any married woman can/could relate to this poem.

This poem is like the song which plays in every married woman’s head but she is scared to sing it out, due to the fear that it might just become a reality for her and in that way her very life would be at stake.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Once Upon a Time (Poem) Summary in English

Imtiaz Dharker’s “Another Woman” is about the domestic violence happening against women all over India. The title suggests that domestic violence is not a case which could be applied to a single woman. This poem tells us the ill-treatment of the women which leads to their ending the lives.

The woman in the poem goes to market to purchase vegetables. She buys green ‘methi’ and then wishes to have a white radish. She imagines about the crunch it makes when she puts it in between her teeth and its sharp taste. Thinking that it is an extravagance, she puts her thought aside.

She counts her coins carefully and ties them in the bundle at her waist. Then she returns home and faces the harsh behaviour of her mother-in-law. She takes methi leaves and cuts off them and the other vegetables with care and prepares curry. At this time she protects herself from the heat.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

The mother-in-law curses her for spending money. She also curses her parents for sending her to bring ill-luck to them. The girl listens to all her cursing by crouching as usual on the floor beside the stove. She doesn’t face her husband who comes home. He simply keeps quiet though he listens to his mother’s harsh words. She bends a little more when he comes.

There is no right for her to speak about anything in that home. She sits watching the flame hisses up. This is the house where she has been sent to as a daughter-in-law. This is the man who she has wedded to. This ¡s the future she has been born into. She doesn’t have patience to bear her sufferings anymore. The only option left in front of her is to take her life. She submits herself to the hands of the flames.

Thus, she ends her life. She is the representative of all the women who are the victims of domestic violence. Though we know about it, we pay no attention towards it and turn our faces from the harsh realities of our society. We know that women are getting killed and oppressed in the name of birth (gender discrimination), dowry etc. But there is no one to act against it.

About the author:

Ms. Imtiaz Dharker was born in Lahore in Pakistan ¡n 1954 and brought up in Glasgow, Scotland. She is ranked on par with some of the famous women poets of India such as Kamala Das, Sujatha Bhatt and Tara Patel. She is not only a poet but also a painter and an accomplished documentary film maker. Her collections of poetry include Purciah, Postcards from God, and I Speak for the Devil. The Terrorist at My Table and Leaving Fingerprints.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3B Once Upon a Time (Poem)

Glossary :

methi(n) = fenugreek;
white radish (n) = white and round or finger-shaped vegetable;
extravagance (n) = spending more than necessary in an uncontrolled way ;
chop (v) = cut something into pieces ;
shield (v) = protect somebody or something from harm;
crouch (v) = lower the body by bending the knees in fear;
blaze (v) = burn brightly and fiercely;

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Telangana SCERT TS 10th Class English Guide Pdf Unit 3A The Journey Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Look at the picture and read the following excerpt from the diary of a 72-year-old man. Answer the questions that follow.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey 1

As I sit here alone and waiting
I gaze at people passing me by.
I try to smile and reach out to them
But no one notices; no one waits.
They look to me like I am nothing –
Are they afraid to be seen saying “Hi”
to an old man like me ?

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Question 1.
What is the excerpt about ?
Answer:
The excerpt is taken from an old man’s diary in which he was sorrowful about his pathetic condition. The excerpt is about how he is neglected by others.

Question 2.
How do people respond to the old man’s plight ?
Answer:
The people don’t notice the old man’s smile. No one waits for him. They don’t care for him. He is nothing to them. They don’t feel his presence there.

Question 3.
How should old people be treated so that they do not feel neglected ?
Answer:
We should not ill-treat the old people. We should notice their presence. We should give value to their opinions. They should be treated equally along with all our family members. They should be treated in a dignified way. They should be respected. We should inform them about the family matters. We shouldn’t try to avoid anything from them. Their needs should be met. We should take account of their choices. We shouldn’t abuse them.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Oral Discourse:

Question.
Description – Describe the picture in your own words. (Reflect on the theme, people, events, about the old man etc.)
Answer:
The picture depicts a busy usual village setting with an old man sitting idle, or being observant in the veranda of his house. There are people under the peepal tree in the junction getting busy in a conversation, and the people working hard to get the day’s living. Children are busy playing and finding fun, where as the ladies have got into some petty talks at the pump, while collecting water. The house wife is also busy taking care of her husband. Only the elderly man sits simply, observing the entire world out there.

Comprehension:

I. Answer the following Questions:

Question 1.
After spending a leisurely Sunday at home, the very thought of returning to work on Monday is tiring’. Do you agree ? Have you ever felt so ?
Answer:
Yes, I agree with it. Most of us feel it tiring to work on Monday after spending a leisurely Sunday at home. On a holiday, we spend joyously. When we think of the following day, we experience some unknown disliking. I have felt so when I have tried to go to school on the first day after midterm holidays and summer vacation are over.

Question 2.
The last sentence of the first paragraph and the first sentence of the second paragraph appear to contradict each other. What could be the reason for the change in the decision ?
Answer:
The last sentence of the first paragraph says that the author didn’t want to go but the first sentence of the second paragraph says that the author decided to go finally. Both the sentences contradict each other. At first he didn’t want to go as he had got married. He didn’t want to leave behind his newly-wed wife. But, when he remembered his increased respeonsibilities because of his marriage and his debts, he decided to return to work.

Question 3.
Why did the author get into debt ? Think of some possible reasons.
Answer:
The author told that he had got into debt after his marriage. The author might have got into debt by the following reasons.

  1. i)He might have got into debt with the marriage expenses.
  2. He might have got into debt as he had no salary when he was on leave.
  3. He might have bought jewels for his newly – married wife.
  4. The young couple might have made a honey-moon trip.
  5. He might have bought the furniture for their family.
  6. He might have paid off his father’s debts.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Question 4.
Why was the author reluctant to carry his own luggage ? What would you do if you were in the author’s place ?
Answer:
The author was reluctant to carry his own luggage as he had the feeling that if he carried the luggage, the whole world would laugh at him. He thought that his education had made him shun physical labour. In fact, the author looked for someone’s help. He felt that his guilt, shame, self-consciousness and pride might have stopped him from carrying the luggage. If I were in the author’s place, I would not do like he did. I would myself carry the luggage without looking for others’ help.

Question 5.
The author feared that the whole world would laugh at him if he carried the trunk. Was the fear imaginary or real ? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
The author thought that the whole world would laugh at him if he carried the trunk. He also thought that he would be littled. His fear was only imaginary. No one could laugh at him if he carried his own luggage as he was a young man and it was an easy thing for him to carry it. He was not carrying the luggage of others. It was his own. Hence, there was no question of laughing. In fact they would all praise him for his modesty for not making his father carry the luggage.

Question 6.
Choose one sentence from the story that best expresses the author’s false prestige. Support your answer with details from the story.
Answer:
“If I carried the luggage, my father and my people, in fact the whole world would laugh at me and I would be littled.” This sentence expresses the author’s false prestige. The real thing was that his education had made him avoid physical labour. He thought that carrying his luggage was not at all suitable for him as he was a government officer.

As he was a young man, it would not become an issue for him to carry it. At sometime, the author wanted to tell his father that he would like to carry the trunk himself but his guilt and shame did not allow him to do so. His education and his white collar job and his pride made him think that it would be better to let his father carry it. All these details show us his false prestige.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Question 7.
What does the phrase ‘Opposite directions’ in the last sentence suggest ?
Answer:
When the bus started moving, the author saw his father gradually receding into the distance. The author felt that their journeys started in two opposite directions, with him seated in the luxurious seat of a bus and father walking back with tired legs on the pebble-strewn road. The phrase ‘opposite directions’ suggests that both their directions were different.

Actually, the son and the father had to travel in opposite directions to reach their destinations. In the other sense, the writer’s way was a luxurious one as he was an educated one and a government officer. He didn’t need to lead such a hard and laborious life like his father used to lead. When compared with his life, his father’s life was much harder one.

Question 8.
How was the story told! Were the events narrated in the order in which they had happened ? Spot the sentences where the course of narration changed its directons. How effective was it ?
Answer:
The Journey’ is a beautiful narrative by Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi. Most of the events were narrated in the order in which they had happened. Here and there we find that the narration changed its directions.
The sentences where the course of narration changed its directions:
a) “I did not have much to carry by way of luggage – just a trunk. Ours is a hilly terrain ………..”
Here the author tried to give the reason. Then he explained the purpose of his coming to his place. Thus, the course of narration was changed.
b) “Nobody had time to spare for me. In fact, carrying the trunk should not have been such a worry ………….”.
The course of narration was changed after the first sentence when the author tried to tell us about his inner feelings.
c) “We were walking up a narrow hilly road and neither of us uttered a word as if we were strangers who spoke different languages. I did not know what was going on in his mind.”
When we observe the two sentences given above, the first one changed its direction when the author tried to present his thoughts.
d) “Father wanted to say something but the bus started moving.” Later the narrative was changed its course when the author tried to think about his way in comparison with his father’s.

A reader could understand vary well about the author’s inner thoughts by this way of narration. He too would try to think in his own way imagining that if he were in the author’s place. Thus it was effective in provoking the thoughts.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Question 9.
Why did the narrator come to his village ? Why didn’t he want to leave his village?
Answer:
The narrator came to his village to get married. He spent six months joyously with his newly – wed wife. Though it was the time for him to join his duties, lethargy crept in him. He didn’t want to leave behind his newly – wed wife. Hence, he didn’t want to leave his village.

Question 10.
Why don’t they carry luggage usually?
Answer:
Theirs is a hilly terrain, without any motorable roads. The roads are uneven and they are covered with pebbles. So, they don’t carry luggage usually.

Question 11.
Why did the narrator decide to go to his duties finally?
Answer:
He knew very well that his marriage had increased his responsibilities and he had got into debt. So, the narrator decided to go to his duties finally.

Question 12.
What was the narrator ? What was his problem?
Answer:
The narrator was a government officer. The problem was that he couldn’t find anyone who could help him carry his trunk to the bus stop which was a little far away from their village.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Question 13.
How did the narrator feel when his father carried his luggage ? Was his attitude was right? Justify your answer.
Answer:
While his father was carrying his luggage, the author felt that It was improper for him to let his father carry the luggage. At first he wanted to tell him that he would like to carry the trunk himself, but his guilt and shame did not allow him to do so.

He thought that his father would not see him carrying a trunk on his back and would be very hurt if he carried. He concluded that it would be better to let him carry it. His attitude was not right. It was not the correct thing on the part of the narrator to make his father carry the trunk as he was old.

II. Write the number of the paragraph that gives the stated Information in each of the following sentences.
1. The author enjoyed his married life
2. The author tried to convince himself that he had not done anything wrong.
3. The author was ashamed of making his father carry his trunk.
4. The author looks at himself and his father as two travellers taking two different roads.
Answer:
1. Para 1
2. Para 11
3. Para 10
4. Para 16

III. The following statements are false. Correct them.
1. The author offered to carry the trunk for sometime.
2. The author could decide on whether to allow his father to carry the trunk or not.
3. The author took unpaid leave.
4. The father was not happy with the old shoes his son gave him.
Answer:
Corrections
1. The authori didn’t carry the trunk at all throughout the story. His father carried it all the way.
2. The author decided that it would be better to let his father carry the trunk.
3. The author initially through of taking unpaid leave but later he decided against it.
4. The father was happy with the old shoes his son gave him. His face lit up with contentment when he noticed the author taking out his pair of shoes from the trunk.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Vocabulary:

I. Look at these words from the story:

1. Newly-wed wife
2. bus stop
3. forehead

They are all compound words. A compound word is a union of two or more words to convey a unit idea or special meaning that is not as clearly or quickly conveyed by separated words. As shown above, compound words may be hyphenated, written open (as separate words), or written solid (closed). The use of compounding in English is an evolving process.

As expressions become more popular or adopt special meanings, they follow a gradual evolution from two or more separate or hyphenated words to single words.

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey 2

The words in the first, second and third columns are called ‘open compounds’, ‘hyphenated compounds’ and ‘closed compounds’ respectively. In this unit we focus on hyphenated compounds.

A hyphenated compound is a combination of words joined by a hyphen or hyphens. Here, the hyphen aids understanding and readability and ensures correct pronunciation. Words are hyphenated mainly to express the idea of a unit and to avoid ambiguity.

A. Pick out all the compound words from the story and group them under the headings as explained above.

Compound words given in the story :
Extended period, newly-wed wife, far-off place, hilly terrain, motorable roads, tribal society, five months, bus stop, anyone, someone, physical labour, government officer, 20- kilo chest, large crowd, sometime, moreover, two hills, three kilometers, little distance, home-made wine, matter-of-fact, forehead, tiny bag, narrow hilly road, different languages, myself, self-consciousness, white-collar job, somehow, whole world, greater degree of admiration, anyway, physical labour, childhood, useless, two places, sometime, tea shop, each other, myself, anything, two cups, first sip, pair of old shoes, uneven, uneven pebbles, bare feet, first time, a pair of hunting shoes, a pair of canvas shoes, remaining amount, old pair, new shoes, new pair, hunting boots, a pair of leather shoes, something giant motionless rope, same road, opposite directions, two opposite directions, luxurious seat, weary legs, pebble-strewn road.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Categorisation:

TS 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey 3

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Grammar:

I. In this story the author used the past perfect tense (had + past participle) in many sentences. If you observe the following sentences from the story and the rules given under them, you will understand why and how the past perfect tense is used.

1. It was 10.20 ……………….. My father had already left (para 6)
When an action takes place before a point of time in the past, the action is expressed in the past perfect tense. (Sometimes the point of time can be understood from the earlier sentences and other contextual clues.)

2. Finally we reached Dirang. The bus from Tawang had not yet reached Dirang. (para 11)
When two actions in the past are clearly separated by time, the earlier action is expressed in the past perfect tense.

3. I quickly sat down on a rock. My father laughed at my plight, (para 7)
When two actions in the past happen simultaneously, both of them are expressed in the past tense.

4. a) Sunitha never saw a bear before she was transferred to Maredumilli. (not from the story).
b) Shindh closed the doors because she heard loud noises from outside.
c) I never met him after I left India.
Normally, when the time relation is unambiguous, (by the use of before, after, because, etc.), the simple past (past perfect is optional) is used to refer to both past actions.

Identify the tense and give reasons for the use of the tense used.
1. I had come home this time round for a special purpose: to get married. My parents had arranged my marriage according to the customs of our tribal society.
2. Time flew, and five months into my marriage I realized it.
3. But after some dilly-dallying I finally decided against it because marriage had increased my responsibilities and I had got into debt.
4. On my way home from the bus stop my trunk had been carried by a porter. (para 3)
5. A large crowd gathered at our place the day I was to leave. People had come to wish me luck. (para 6)
6. Father was quiet for some time. He thoughtfully looked at the sun for a moment, and then his eyes fell on the can of home-made wine that I was carrying. (para 9)
7. I gave him the can of wine. He poured himself a mug and handed me the can. He drank all of it at one go. He then arranged the belt that was attached to the trunk carefully on his forehead. (para 10)
8. I had never got used to physical labour having stayed in hostels right from my childhood. (para 11)
9. His feet had developed cracks and somehow resembled those of an elephant, (para 14)
10. I noticed this for the first time. I hadn’t noticed that the road was uneven. (para 14)
11. I checked my wallet and saw I still had around Rs. 40 with me. (para 14)
12. I then took out my pair of leather shoes from the trunk, and noticed my father’s face lighting up with contentment. (para 15)
13. I saw that the road we had come by looked like a giant motionless rope. (para 16)
14. He stopped his business after he became old.
15. I never ate ‘haleem’ before I visited Hyderabad.
Answer:
1. When the narrator was narrating, he went into the past and narrated about them. These two actions had taken place before the narrator’s narration. Hence the two actions.
(i) “I had come home this time ……………. to get married”
(ii) “My parents had arranged my marriage according to the customs of our tribal society” are said in the past perfect tense, (had + v3).

Verbs in the past perfect tense :
(i) had come and
(ii) had arranged
In the two sentences given above, the past perfect tense (had + V3) is used as those two actions had already completed before the anthor’s narration.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

2. “Time flew, and five months into my marriage I realized it.”
→ Here the two actions happened simultaneously in the past. Hence they are expressed in the past tense.
Verbs in the past tense :
(i) flew and
(ii) realized

3. “But after some dilly-dallying I finally decided against it because marriage had increased my responsibilities and I had got into debt.”
→ Here the actions,”…………………… marriage had increased my responsibilities and, “I had got into debt” had occurred before the narrator’s action, “I finally decided against it.” Hence the past perfect tense (had + v3) is used to denote the earlier actions and the simple past tense (v2) is used to denote the latter one.
Verbs in the past perfect tense : “had increased” and “had got”.
Verb in the simple past tense : decided

4. “On my way home from the bus stop my trunk had been carried by a porter.” (para 3)
→ The narrator, while narrating the story, went into past and narrated it. So, we understand that the above action had taken place in the past before the writer’s narration. Hence, the past perfect tense is used to denote the action. Verb in the past perfect tense : had been carried.

5. “A large crowd gathered at our place the day I was to leave. People had come to wish me luck” (para 6)
→ The above two actions occurred in the past one after another and they are clearly separated by time. Hence the earlier action, “People had come to wish me luck,” is expressed in the past perfect tense and the latter one, “A large crowd gathered at our place …………….” is expressed in the past tense.
Verb in the past perfect tense → had come
Verb in the simple past tense → gathered

6. “Father was quiet for sometime. He thoughtfully looked at the sun for a moment, and then his eyes fell on the can of home-made wine that I was carrying” (para 9)
→ All the three actions happened simultaneously in the past. Hence the simple past tense is used to express all the three actions.
Verbs in the simple past tense(v2) → was, looked, fell

7. “I gave him the can of wine. He poured himself a mug and handed me the can. He drank all of it at one go. He then arranged the belt that was attached to the trunk carefully on his forehead.” (para 10)
→ All the above actions occurred in the past simultaneously. Hence, the simple past tense(v2) is used to denote all the above actions.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Verbs in the simple past tense(v2) : gave, poured, handed, arranged
8. “I had never got used to physical labour having stayed in hostels right from my childhood.” (para 11)
→ Here the action had taken place before the narrator’s narration. Hence the past perfect tense (had got) is used to denote it.

Verb in the past perfect tense : “had got”
9. “His feet had developed cracks and somehow resembled those of an elephant.” (para 14)
→ Here the earlier action, “His feet had developed cracks ………………..” had taken place before
“……………. somehow resembled those of an elephant.” Hence the earlier action is expressed in the past perfect tence (had + v3) and the latter action is expressed in the simple past tense(v2).
Verb in the past perfect tense : “had developed”
Verb in the simple past tense : “resembled”.

10. “I noticed this for the first time. I hadn’t noticed that the road was uneven”, (para 14)
→ Here the earlier action, “I had not noticed that …………….” had taken place before the latter action, “I noticed this ”
Hence the past perfect tense (had + v3) is used to denote the earlier action and the simple past tense (v2) is used to denote the latter one.
Verb in the past perfect tense : ‘had noticed’
Verb in the simple past tense : ‘noticed’

11. “I checked my wallet and saw I still had around Rs. 40 with me.” (para 14)
→ All the actions in the above sentence occurred in the past simultaneously. Hence, the simple past tense(v2) is used to express the above actions.
Verbs in the past tense (v2) : checked, saw, had

12. “I then took out my pair of leather shoes from the trunk, and noticed my father’s face lighting up with contentment.” (para 15)
→ Here the two actions occurred in the past simultaneously. Hence, the simple past tense(v2) is used to denote the above actions.
Verbs in the simple past tense (v2) : took, noticed

13. “I saw that the road we had come by looked like a giant motionless rope.” (para 16)
“I saw that …………………” and “………………… looked like a giant motionless rope”
→ These two actions are the part of his narration and happened in the past. Hence the simple past tense (v2) is used to denote the expressions.
The expression, “…………….. we had come by ……………..”
had taken place earlier than the other actions in the sentence. Hence the past perfect tense (had + V3) is used to denote it.
Verbs in the past tense : saw, looked
Verb in the past perfect tense : had come

14. “He stopped his business after he became old.”
→ Here, the time relation is unambiguous and ‘after’ is used as the connective. Hence, the tense (v2) is used to refer to both past actions.
Verbs in the past tense : stopped, became

15. “I never ate ‘haleem’ before I visited Hyderabad.”
→ Here, the time relation is unambiguous and ‘before’ is used as the connective. Hence, the simple past tense(v2) is used to refer to both past actions.
Verbs in the past tense : ate, visited.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Writing:

I. In the story ‘The Journey’ the author says …………….” my education had made me shun physical labour”. This is an adverse effect of education. Now write an essay on ‘The Adverse Effects of Education’. Here are some points :
Effect on
doing some work that involves physical labour
dress / fashion
family relationships
giving respect to elders
the treatment of illiterate people
Answer:
The Adverse Effects of Education

There is no doubt; one’s education can give oneself the knowledge, the job, the status and the better way of living. Today, we need education to move up economically and socially. Most of the successful persons are educated ones. With education, one may achieve better benefits in life such as money, assets, the right kind of friends and soon.

One must possess education to know what is happening in the world around oneself. One must need educaton if one doesn’t want to be deceived. These are all some of the advantages of the education. This is only one side of the coin. Along with these advantages, we need to think about the adverse effects of education.

The first thing is that one’s education avoids oneself from doing physical labour. The educated fellows don’t think about the importance of the physical labour. They depend upon others for the things that involve physical labour. They feel that the whole world will laugh at them if they do some kind of work. They feel that it is shameful to do physical labour. In one way, they will face a lot of health problems with their attitude.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

The second thing is that their dress sense. They want to wear fashionable dresses which are all a part of western culture. They don’t give any importance to our culture and they lead their lives without values. They want to be different from others and so they develop these kinds of habits. In fact, the dress sense of the modern youth will cause a threat to their existence. The number of incidents of molestation of the women are increasing day by day.

The next thing is that the adverse effect of the education on family relationships. The educated ones don’t show any affection for their family members especially the old ones. Their only aim is to make huge amounts of money. They forget the sacrifices made by their parents. When we see it from a different angle, the educated one doesn’t even find time to spend with one’s wife and children.

They don’t find time to move freely with their family members. In that way they are destroying the family relationships. The family is the main characteristic of our Indian society. The bond among the members of a family are very strong. But now, with their senseless thinking, the educated ones are causing a threat to family relationships.

The educated fellows are not giving respect to elders. Now, they are all westernised in their thoughts. The elders are nothing for them. They don’t give any kind of importance to them. Some of them even think that they are useless. They feel proud of their education.

The last thing is that their treatment of illiterate people. They look down upon the illiterate ones. They think that the illiterate ones are the people of second class. The literate ones are not treating the illiterate ones as human beings. In their view, the lives of the illiterate ones are meant for only physical labour.

These are all the adverse effects of one’s education. There may be many advantages with one’s education. But a learned person should not avoid physical labour. They should give importance to our culture and values. They should maintain proper family relationships. They should give respect to elders. They should treat the illiterate ones amicably. Then only, there is a meaning to their education.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Study Skills:

Scientists believe that we have various kind of intelligence. All intelligences are equally valuable and present in every individual, girl or boy, man or woman, though some intelligence is better developed than others in each one of us. Some of the intelligences have been detailed below.

There is also Naturalistic Intelligence- Love for animals, plants and Spiritual Intelligence – Belief in God, thinking about life and its purpose. Find out which intelligences are better developed in you, and which ones you would like to develop. Write down your findings as shown in the example after the table.

VISUAL INTELLIGENCE VERBAL INTELLIGENCE MATHEMATICAL INTELLIGENCE
You like to:

think in pictures, create mental images to remember things. You enjoy looking at maps, charts, pictures, videos, and movies.

 

You are good at:

puzzle building, reading, writing, understanding maps, charts and graphs, a sense of direction, sketching, painting, fixing or making objects, understanding pictures.

 

You can become a:

navigator, sculptor, artist, inventor, architect, interior designer, mechanic, engineer.

You like to:

use words and language. You speak well and think in words rather than pictures.

 

You are good at:

speaking, writing, story telling, listening, explaining, teaching, using humour, understanding the meaning of words, remembering information, convincing someone of your point of view.

 

You can become a:

poet, journalist, writer, teacher, lawyer, politician, translator.

You like to:

use reason, logic and numbers. Always curious about the world around, you ask lots of questions and like to do experiments.

 

You are good at:

problem solving, solving puzzles, experimenting, questioning and wondering about natural events, doing mathematics calculations, working with geometric shapes.

 

You can become a:

scientist, engineer, computer programmer, researcher, accountant, mathematician.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

BODILY INTELLIGENCE MUSICAL INTELLIGENCE INTERPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE
You like to:

understand others. You control your body movements and handle objects skillfully. You have a good sense of balance and can catch or hit a ball well, and like to dance. You like to move around while learning.

 

You are good at:

dancing, physical coordination, sports, crafts, acting, miming, using your hands to create or build. You express emotions through your body.

 

You can become a:

dancer, athlete, physical education teacher, actor, firefighter, crafits-person.

You like to:

play and enjoy music. You think about sounds, rhythms and patterns. You immediately respond to music either appreciating or criticising what you hear.

 

You are good at:

singing, whistling, playing musical instruments, recognising tunes, composing music, remembering melodies, understanding the structure and rhythm of music.

 

You can become a:

musician, disc jockey, singer, composer.

You like to:

try to see things from other people’s point of view in order to understand how they think or feel. You are a good organiser and manage to get other people to cooperate and work as a team.

 

You are good at:

seeing things from others’ view, listening, understanding other people’s moods and feelings, solvingproblems, cooperating with groups, noticing people’s moods,communicating,building trust.

 

You can become a:

counsellor, salesperson, politician, business person, teacher.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Example:
I like to speak a lot and I enjoy music too. I am very good at telling a story. I am also good at remembering information as well as melodies. I understand the meaning of words, but I cannot understand maps and charts. Therefore, I have good verbal intelligence and musical intelligence though my visual intelligence is poor. I can become a writer, teacher, singer or a disc jockey.
Answer:
I like to use good and well furnished words, while speaking to others, that too in a convincing manner. I am good at assessing other people and coming to quick conclusions. I love questioning and appreciate others – in both ways, without hurting their feelings. I can mingle with others quiet easily. I can search my career in Counseling, Business, Teaching or as a trainer.

Listening:

Listen to the story and answer the questions that follow.

Once there was a very rich man. His name was Dhanaraju. He had two sons, Ganiraju and Pothuraju. Ganiraju was hard working and obedient. He always helped his father in the fields. But Pothuraju was lazy. He never went to fields. He was disobedient to his father. He always wanted to lead a free, lavish life, so one day he said to his father, “Father, give me my share of property.”

The father was heart-broken. He divided the property between his two sons. Pothuraju left home with his share. He went to a distant land, made a lot of friends and soon spent all his property lavishly on friends, food and drinks. All his friends left him.

At that time, there was a famine and Pothuraju had no work and food. None of his friends gave him food or money. He took up the job of feeding pigs. Sometimes, he had to eat the food kept for the pigs. He was very sad about his condition. He soon began to think of his father and his brother.

He said to himself, “In my father’s house, even the servants have enough food. They get good shelter too. But here, I am struggling for food and shelter. I will go back to my father. I will beg him to take me as his servant.”

So decided, the dishonest son set out for his father’s house. In the meantime, his father was always thinking of his second son. He would sit near the windows. He would look out at the road, expecting his son to return home.

One day Dhanaraju saw his son coming at a distance. He ran out of the house in great joy and hugged his son. His son knelt down. He said, “Father, I am not fit to be your son. Take me as your servant.”

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

I. Read the statements given below and mark True or False against each of them.

Question 1.
Pothuraju went to far-off lands to enjoy free life.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Ganiraju asked his father to give his share of property.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Pothuraju had a lavish life from the beginning.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Dhanaraju did not care about Pothuraju.
Answer:
False

II. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the story you have just listened to.
(a) A Rich Son
(b) Repentance
(c) Two Sons
Answer:
(b) Repentance

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

The Journey Summary in English

’The Journey1 is written by Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi and is translated by D. P. Nath. Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi is a prominent name in Assamese literature. In this lesson, the narrator tries to bring out some of the adverse effects of education and how the old people are ill-treated. He tries to present how human relations are affected by one’s education.

The narrator was a government officer and he came to his village that time to get married. He got married and spent six months at home. Though it was the time for his joining the duties, he didn’t want to return. He didn’t want to leave behind his newly-wed wife. At first, he wanted to extend his leave but decided against it because marriage had increased his responsibilities and he had got into debt.

The bus stop was a long way from his home and the problem for him was that he couldn’t find anyone who would help him carry his trunk to the bus stop. He thought that his education had made him avoid physical labour. He could have easily carried his luggage but the thought of people seeing him carry it stopped him from doing so. Finally, his father told him that he would carry his luggage upto bus-stop.

Though the narrator protested, his father decided to carry the chest. His father had started before him and a large crowd wished him luck at the time of his leaving. He walked speedily to catch up with his father. By the time he met his father, he was tired. His father laughed at him as he sat down on a rock. His father drank a mug of wine and they resumed their walk.

While they were walking, the narrator thought that it was improper for him to let father carry the luggage. He wanted to tell his father that he would like to carry the trunk himself but his guilt and shame did not allow him to do so. His education and his job made him think that the whole world would laugh at him if he carried the luggage.

According to the narrator, his parents had earned a greater degree of admiration and respect from the villagers because of him only. He thought that his father would not like to see him carrying luggage. Though he was young and strong, he was physically useless. Finally, they reached Dirang but the bus had not yet arrived. They entered a tea shop and ordered tea.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Then the narrator’s father asked him for a pair of old shoes. The narrator noticed that his father’s feet had developed cracks as he had never worn shoes. The narrator wanted to give his father money to buy a new pair of shoes but he protested. He didn’t want his son to spend money on new shoes. Hence, the narrator gave him his hunting boots and made his father happy.

The narrator got into the bus and it started moving. The narrator thought that their (the narrator and his fathre’s) journeys were in two opposite directions; his way was a luxurious one where as his father’s way was laborious and difficult one.

About the author:

Yeshe Dorjee Thongchi (born in May, 1952) is a prominent name in Assamese literature. Though he grew up in poverty, he studied well and entered Arunachal Pradesh Civil Service and was later elevated to the Indian Administrative Service. He writes fiction, drama and essays in Assamese and English. He has received a national recognition with his novel ‘Mouna Ounth Mukhar Hriday’, which won the Sahitya Academy award in 2005. Many of Thongchi’s novels, including Sonam, deal with the cultural life of the Monpa and the Sherdukpen tribes of Arunachal Pradesh.

TS Board 10th Class English Guide Unit 3A The Journey

Glossary:

lethargy (n) = the state of not having any energy or enthusiasm for doing things ;
creeps (v) = develops very slowly ;
dilly – dallying (v) = taking a long time to do something, go somewhere or make a decision ;
shun (v) = to avoid something or somebody ;
dissuade (v) = to convince somebody not to do something ;
plight (n) = a difficult and sad situation ;
guilt (n) = the unhappy feelings caused by knowing that you have done something wrong ;
self-consciousness = feelings of nervousness about what other people think of you ;
contenment (n) = a feeling of happiness or satisfaction;
weary (adj) = very tired ;
terrain (n) = strectch of land, with regard to its natural features ;
extend (v) = to continue for a longer period of time;
chest (n) = large strong box ;
see off (phr. v) = to say good bye ;
protest (v) = express dissapproval about;
catch up (phr.v) = reach ;
utter (v) = make a sound with the mouth ; say or speak ;
belittle (v) = make a person or an action seem unimportant or of little value ;
pebble (n) = small stone made smooth and round by the action of water;
bare foot (n)= without shoes or stocking ;
recede (v) = move back from a previous position or away from an observer
pebble – strewn road (phr.v) = the road covered with pebbles ;
white – collar job (n-phrase) = a job without physical labour.
admiration (n) = respect
wallet (n) = purse
contenment (n) = a feeling of satisfaction
uneven (adj) = rough
amusing (adj) = interesting

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

These TS 10th Class Physical Science Chapter Wise Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds will help the students to improve their time and approach.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

1 Mark Questions

Question 1.
What is allotropy’’
Answer:
An element exists in two or more different forms due to the difference in their atomic arrangement is called Allotrophy” and the different forms are called allotropes.

Question 2.
Explain briefly about the structure of ‘Diamond’.
Answer:

  1. In a diamond, each ‘c’ is surrounded by four other ‘c’ atoms.
  2. These are placed at the four corners of a regular tetrahedron.
  3. This results in a 3-dimensional network of carbon atoms.

Question 3.
Explain briefly about the structure of “Graphite”.
Answer:

  1. In graphite, each ‘c’ is surrounded by three other ‘c atoms.
  2. The ‘c’ atoms are arranged in layers.
  3. Each layer consists of a 2-dimensional hexagonal network.

Question 4.
“Diamond is an extremely bad conductor of electricity.” Why?
Answer:

  • In a diamond, each carbon atom is covalently bonded with four other carbon atoms.
  • So, the four outermost electrons of a carbon atom are engaged or trapped in the covalent bonds, having no free electrons makes it a bad conductor of electricity.

Question 5.
What is an alkyl group’
Answer:
If one hydrogen is removed from an alkane, it is called alkyl group.
Eg : CH4 → methane
CH3 → methyl group

Question 6.
What is the bond length in diamond?
Answer:
The C – C bond length In diamond is 1.54 Å.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 7.
What is polymerization?
Answer:
The reaction In which a large number of identical and simple molecules Join together to form a large molecule is called “Polymerization.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 1

Question 8.
Name some functional groups.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 2

Question 9.
What is the bond angle in diamond?
Answer:
The bond angle in diamond is 109° 28′.

Question 10.
What is the C-C bond length in graphite?
Answer:
The C-C bond length in graphite is 1.42 A.

Question 11.
What is the bond angle in graphite?
Answer:
The bond angle in graphite is 120°.

Question 12.
What is hydrocarbon?
Answer:
Compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons.
Eg: Alkanes (Saturated hydrocarbons)
Alkenes and Alkynes (unsaturated hydrocarbons)

Question 13.
What are saturated hydrocarbons? (or) What are alkanes?
Answer:
The valency of the carbon is four 4, of all the valencies of carbon are satisfied, the resultant hydrocarbons are refer to as saturated hydrocarbons or Alkanes. They general formula is CnH2n+2.

Question 14.
What are unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Answer:
The hydrocarbons containing one or more double bonds or triple bonds between two carbon atoms are called “Unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Eg: C2H6 and C3H6 etc.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 15.
What are alkanes? Write the general formula of alkenes. Give an example for alkenes.
Answer:
Alkenes: Hydrocarbons containing at least one double bond between carbon atoms are called Alkenes (>C=C<)
General formula: CnH2n
Examples : Ethene (C2H4, Propene (C3H6)

Question 16.
What are Alkynes?
Answer:
Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons having at least (CC) triple bonds In these structures. Their general formula is CnH2n-2.
Eg: Acetylene (HC ≅ CH)

Question 17.
What is Homologous series?
Answer:
A series of compounds in which the same functional group substitutes for hydrogen in a carbon chain is called a homologous series.

Question 18.
Give the names of the functional group.
Answer:
(i) – CHO- Aldehyde
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 3
(iii) – OH – Alcohol
(iv) – COOH – Acid (carboxylic acid)

Question 19.
What do you mean by a functional group?
Answer:
The characteristic properties of an organic compound depend mainly on an atom or group of atoms In its molecule known as the ‘functional group’, Functional group is responsible for the behavior of the organic compounds.

Question 20.
What is the difference between two successive homologs?
Answer:
Successive compounds in a homologous series possesses a difference of (CH3) unit and are called homologs.

Question 21.
Write the structure of 3 – bromo – 2 – chloro – 5 0x0 hexanoic acid.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 4

Question 22.
Why graphite is a good conductor of electricity?
Answer:
Graphite Is a good conductor of electricity because of the delocalized π electron system.

Question 23.
What are the uses of fullerenes?
Answer:
Fullerenes are under study for potential medicinal use such as specific antibiotics to target resistant bacteria and even target certain cancer cells such as melanoma.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 24.
What are oxidizing agents?
Answer:
Oxidizing agents or oxidants are substances that oxidize other substances.

Question 25.
Why do we call alkanes as paraffins?
Answer:
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with least reactivity. Therefore they are called paraffins (Parum = little: affine affinity).

Question 26.
Write two uses of Ethanol In day-to-day life.
Answer:
Ethanol is used in

  • Preparation of Alcoholic drinks
  • Preparing tincture iodine
  • Preparing cough syrup and tonics

Question 27.
What is the use of ethanol ¡n motors?
Answer:
If we add 10% ethanol to gasoline it will act as very good motor fuel.

Question 28.
What is a colloidal solution?
Answer:
If the diameter of dispersed phase Is greater than 1 nm but less than 1000 nm in a dispersed medium such a solution Is called colloidal solution.

Question 29.
Other than carbon which elements show catenation?
Answer:
Sulphur, phosphorus, and silicon.

Question 30.
What are the other names given to open-chain hydrocarbons?
Answer:
Open-chain hydrocarbons are also called as aliphatic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbons.

Question 31.
Expand IUPAC.
Answer:
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

Question 32.
Name the following compound.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 5
Answer:
2, 3 – dimethyl – cyclo hexane- 1 – ol

Question 33.
How do you appreciate the role of diamonds In space probes?
Answer:
Since it has the ability to filter out harmful radiation, it is used in making protective windows for space probes.

Question 34.
How do you appreciate the role of diamonds in surgery?
Answer:
A sharp-edged diamond is used as a tool to remove cataracts In eye surgery.

Question 35.
How do you appreciate the role of oxygen in combustion process?
Answer:

  1. When the oxygen supply is insufficient then the fuels burn incompletely Hoducing mainly a yellow flame.
  2. When the oxygen supply is sufficient then the fuels burn completely producing
    a blue flame.

Question 36.
How do you appreciate the role of Ethanol as a fuel?
Answer:

  1. A material which Is burnt to obtain heat is called a fuel. Since ethanol burns with a clear flame giving a lot of heat, it is used as a fuel.
  2. Some countries add ethanol to petrol to be used as a fuel in cars. Thus ethanol is used as an additive in petrol.
  3. Ethanol alone can also be used as a fuel for cars.

Question 37.
How do you appreciate the role of active acid as a preservative?
Answer:

  1. Dilute acetic acid Is used as a food preservative In the preparation o! pickles and sauces.
  2. As vinegar, it is also used as an appetizer for dressing food dishes.

Question 38.
How do you detect leakage in the cylinder?
Answer:

  • To detect any leakage of gas from the cylinder a strong-smelling substance like ethyl mercaptan (C2H5SH) Is added to the gas.
  • Then the leakage can be easily detected by the foul smell of the ethyl mercaptan.

Question 39.
What are nanotubes?
Answer:
Nanotubes are allotropic form of carbon.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 40.
Write the molecular formula of the fourth member of the homologous series of alcohols.
Answer:
CH3– CH2– CH2 – CH2– OH

Question 41.
What is a catalyst?
Answer:
The substance which does not take part In chemical reaction but changes the rate of reaction is called a catalyst.

Question 42.
Why oils are in liquids at room temperature?
Answer:
Oils are unsaturað compounds so they are In liquid state.

Question 43.
Why fats are solids at room temperature?
Answer:
They are saturated compounds so they are in solid state.

Question 44.
Do you know the police detect whether suspected drivers have consumed alcohol or not? Explain.
Answer:
Orange Cr2O72- changes bluish-green Cr3+ during the process Of the oxidation of alcohol. The Ieiqth of the tube that turned into green is the measure of the quantity of alcohol that had been drunk.

Question 45.
What is pica?
Answer:
The negative value of logarithm of dissociation constant of an acid.

Question 46.
Name the gas evolved when acetic acid is react with sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Answer:
The gas liberated is carbon dioxide.

Question 47.
Name the organic add present In vinegar – write Its chemical formula.
Answer:
The acid present In vinegar is acetic acid. its formula is CH3COOH.

Question 48.
What change will you observe If you test soap with litmus papers?
Answer:
Red litmus turns into blue.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 49.
Write the valency of carbon In CH3– CH3, CH2 = CH2, and HC ≅ CH?
Answer:
The valency of carbon in CH3– CH3, is 4.
The valency of Carbon in CH2 = CH2 is 3.
The valency of carbon In HC ≅ C – H is 2.

Question 50.
Out of butter and ground nut oil which Is unsaturated In nature?
Answer:
Ground nut oil is unsaturated In nature.

Question 51.
What are hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts in soap?
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 6

Question 52.
Name the carboxylic acid used as preservation.
Answer:
Acetic acid used as preservative.

Question 53.
Write two uses of nanotubes.
Answer:

  1. Nanotubes are used to connect the components of integrated circuits instead of copper.
  2. Biomolecules are inserted into nanotubes to inject them into a single cell.

2 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Identify the functional groups In the following compound arid write IUPAC names.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 7
Answer:
a) The functional group present In TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 8 is aldehyde.
The IUPAC name of the compound is 2 – Chloro-Butan- 1 – ol.
b) The functional group present in TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 9 is ketone.
The TUPAC name of the compound is 3- Methyl-2-Butanone.

Question 2.
What are alkenes?
Answer:
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons having at least one(C=C) double bond in these structures. Alkenes are also called olefins. Their general formula is Cn– H2n Eg: Ethylene (C2H4) and propene (C3-H6) etc.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 3.
Which of the following compounds are unsaturated? Justify your answer.
(a) CH3-CH2-CH3
(b) CH3 – CH = CH2
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 10
(d) HC ≅ C – CH = CH2
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 11

Answer:
a and f are saturated hydrocarbons because they have only single bonds. Remaining are unsaturated hydrocarbons as they have double or triple bonds.

Question 4.
What are hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts In soaps? (AS1)
Answer:
The polar end in soap with carboxy TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 12 is called hydrophilic end. The non-polar end ¡n soap with hydrocarbon chain is called hydrophobic end.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 13

Question 5.
What is the order to be followed while naming carbon compounds?
Answer:
The following order is to be followed while naming carbon compounds. Numbers-Numerical Prefixes-Secondary Prefix-Primary Prefix-Word Root-
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 14

Question 6.
Explain addition reactions.
Answer:
Unsaturated organic compounds that contain multiple bonds like alkenes and alkynes became saturated by addition of a reagent are called addition reactions. During the reactions addition of the reagent takes place at the double-bonded or triple-bonded carbon atoms.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 15

Question 7.
What type of reaction takes place between ethane and chlorine?
Answer:
Substitution reaction takes place between ethane and chlorine In the presence of sunlight.
CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
CH3Cl+ Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + HCl
CH2Cl2 +Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl
CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 8.
An organic compound X with a molecular formula C2H6O undergoes oxidation with in presence of alkaline KMnO4 to form a compound y. X on heating in presence of con. H2SO4 at 443 k gives Z. Which on reaction with Br2 and decolorizes, It. Identity X, Y, and Z write the reactions involved.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 16

Question 9.
How synthetic detergents are harmful for environment?
Answer:

  1. Some synthetic detergents resist biodegradation, i.e., they are not decomposed by microorganisms such as bacteria.
  2. Hence, they cause water pollution In lakes and rivers.
  3. They tend to persist for a long time, making the water unfit for aquatic life.

Question 10.
Write the reactions of Ethanol with sodium and conc. H2SO4
Answer:

  1. Ethanol reacts with sodium metal to liberate hydrogen and forms sodium ethanoxide.
    2C2H5OH + 2Na → 2C2H5ONa + H2
  2. Ethanol reacts with conc. H2SO4 at about 170°C to give ettiene.
    CH3CH2OH CH2 = CH2 + H2O

Question 11.
Write the reactions of Ettianoic acid with metals, metal hydroxide, metal carbonates, and metal hydrogen carbonates.
Answer:
1. ReactIon of ethanoic acid with metal: Ethanoic add reacts with active metals like Na to liberate hydrogen.
2CH3COOH + 2Na → 2CH3COONa + H2

2. Reaction of ethanoic acid with metal hydroxide: Ettianoic acid reacts with NaOH to form salt and water.
CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O

3. Reaction of ethanoic acid with metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates: Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate and liberates CO2
2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + H3O + CO2

4 Marks Questions

Question 1.
Draw the structures of Isomers of butane.
Answer:
Isomers of butane are n-butane, isobutane and cyclobutane Structures:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 17

Question 2.
explain the Isomerism and Catenation properties of Carbon.
Answer:
Catenation properties of carbon :
(i) Carbon has ability to form longest chains with its own atoms. This special property of carbon is called catenation.
(ii) Due to catenation property of carbon it can form largest chain containing millions of carbon atoms, branches and acidic compounds.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 18
Isomerism of carbon: The phenomenon of possessing some molecular formula but different properties by the compounds is known as isomerism.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 19
The molecular formula of above two molecules is C4H10 but they have different structures.
These two are isomers
By there two special properties of carbon it can make number of compounds.

Question 3.
Draw the structures of the following.
a) Ethanoic acid
b) Propanol
c) Propene
d) Chloro propene
Answer:
Structures
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 20
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 21

Question 4.
Draw structure of Ethane and electron dot structure of Chlorine.
Answer:
Ethane:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 22

Question 5.
Draw the structures of the following compounds.
(a) 2 – Bromo pentane
(b) 2 – methyl propane
(c) butanol
(d) 1-hexine
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 23
(c) butanol : CH3 – CH2 – CH – CHO
(d) 1 – hexine : CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C ≅ C – H

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 6.
Draw the electron dot structures of Ethanoic acid and Ethyne (Acetylene)
Answer:
Ethanoic acid (Acetic acid):
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 24

Question 7.
Write the molecular formula of the first tour compounds of the homologous series of aldehydes.
Answer:
Homologous series of aldehydes are Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde. Propionaldehycie arid Butanaidehyde.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 26

Question 8.
How many Isomers can be drawn for pentane with molecular formula C5H12? What are they? Draw their structures and mention their common names.
Answer:
Isomers of pentane are three. These are

  1. Pentane
  2. Iso pentane
  3. Neo pentane.

Structures:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 27

Question 9.
Explain sp3 hybridization In methane.
Answer:
The excited carbon atom allows use S-orbital. (2s) and three p-orbitals (2px,
2py, 2pz) to intermix and reshuffle Into four identical orbitals known sp3 orbitals. Thus carbon atom undergo sp3 hybridization. The four electrons enter into the new four identical orbitals known as sp3 orbitals, one each as per Hund’s rule.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 29
1. Since carbon has four unpaired electrons, t is capable of forming bonds with four other atoms.
2. When carbon reacts with hydrogen, four hydrogen atoms allow their ‘s’ orbitals containing one electron each to overlap with four sp3 orbitals of carbon-atom which are oriented at an angle of 109°. 28′.
3. Four orbitals of an atom in the outer shell orient along the four comers of a tetrahedron to have minimum repulsion between their electrons. The nucleus of the atom is at the centre of the tetrahedron.
4. This leads to form four sp3 – s – sigma bonds between carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. All these bonds are of equal energy.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 30

Question 10.
Explain sp2 Hybridisation with an example.
Answer:
Consider ethene molecule
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 31

  1. In the formation of CH2 = CH2 each carbon atom in its excited State undergoes sp2 hybridization by Intermixing one s-orbital (2s) and two p-orbitals (say 2px and 2py) and reshuffling to form three sp2 orbitals.
  2. Now each carbon atom Is left with one ‘p’ orbital (say 2Pz) subsidized.
  3. The three sp2 orbitals having one electron each get separated around the nucleus of carbon atoms at an angle of 120°.
  4. When carbon Is ready to form bonds one sp2 orbital of one carbon atom overlaps the sp2 orbital of the other carbon atom to form sp2 – sp1 sigma (s) bond.
  5. The remaining two sp2 orbitals of each carbon atom get overlapped by ‘s’ orbitals of two hydrogen atoms containing unpaired electrons.
  6. The unhybridized pz orbitals on the two carbon atoms overlap laterally as shown in figure to form π bond.
  7. Hence, there exists a sigma (σ) bond and a pi (π) bond between two carbon atoms In ethene molecule. Hence, the structure of molecule ethane (C2H4)

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 32

Question 11.
Explain sp hybridisation.
Answer:

  1. Each carbon is only Joining to two other atoms rather than tour or three.
  2. Here the carbon atoms hybridise their outer orbitals before forming bonds, this time they only hybridise two of the orbitals.
  3. They use the ‘s’ orbital (2s) and one of the sp orbitals, by leave the other 2p orbitals unchanged.
  4. The new hybrid orbitals formed are called sp-hybrid orbitals because they are made by an s-orbital and a p-orbital reorganizing themselves.

Question 12.
Define substitution reaction and give an example
Answer:
A reaction in which one atom or a group of atoms in a given compound is replaced by other atom or group of atoms is called a substitution reaction. Alkanes undergo substitution reactions. Exampler Methane (CH4) reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 33

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Question 13.
Give next Homologs of the following compounds and also give structure formula and name. (1) HCHO (2) CH3OH
Answer:

Hornolog Formula Name
CH3CHO C2H4O Ethanal
CH3CH2CHO C3H6O Propanal
CH3CH2CH2CHO C4H8O Butanal
CH3CH2CH2CH2CHO C5H10O Pentanal

Question 14.
Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds. (AS1)
i) CH3 – CH0 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2CH2OH
ii) CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH2 – C ≅ CH
iii) CH3 – CH2– CH2– CH2 – CHO
iv) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – COOH
Answer:
1) nananol
2) 4 – ene 1 hexyne
3) pentanol
4) pentanoic acid

Question 15.
Complete the following reactions.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 34
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 35

Question 16.
Draw the electronic dot structure of ethane molecule.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 36

Question 17.
Draw the structure of the following compounds.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 37

Question 18.
Draw various structures of (a) C5H12 (b) C6H14.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 38
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 39

Question 19.
Draw the structuie of butanoic acid C3H7COOH.
Answer:
Formula of butanoic acid is C4H8O2.
Structure:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 40

Question 20.
Draw the diagram showing sp2 hybridization In Ethene.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 41

Question 21.
Draw the diagram showing sp hybridisation in Ethyne.
Answer:
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 42

Question 22.
List out the materials required to conduct the experiment to understand the esterification reaction. Explain the procedure of the experiment. How can you identify that an ester is formed In this reaction?
Answer:
Materials required:
Test tube, beaker, water, burner wire gauze, tripod stand, 1ml. of ethanol, 1ml of glacial acetic acid, and few drops of conc. H2SO4
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 43
1) Take 1 ml of ethanol and imI of glacial acetic acid along with a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid in a test tube.
2) Warm It In a water bath or a beaker containing water for at least 5 minutes as shown in fig.
3) Pour the warm contents into a beaker containing 20-50 ml of water and observe the odour of the resulting mixture.

Observation: The resulting mixture is a sweet odoured substance. This substance Is ester. This reaction is esterification, Ester is a sweet-smelling compound. We can identify an ester by its sweet smelling.

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

Do You Know?

1. Linus Pauling – The world’s one of the greatest scientist and a great humanist. He was acknowledged as the most influential chemist. He is the only person ever to receive two unshared Nobel Prizes – for Chemistry(1954) and for Peace (1962). (Page 255)
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 44

2. The buckminsterfullerene, or usually just fullerene for short, was discovered in 1985 by a team of scientists, Robert F. Curl, Harold W. Kroto, and Richard E. Smalley from Rice University and the University of Sussex, three of whom were awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. They are named so for the resemblance of their structure to the geodesic structures devised by the scientist and architect Richard Buckminster “Bucky” Fuller. (Page 261)

3. Graphene: The new wonder material: As its name indicates, graphene is extracted from graphite, the material used in pencils. Like graphite, graphene is entirely composed of carbon atoms. For a thickness of 1mm, graphite contains some 3 million layers of graphene. The carbons are perfectly distributed in a hexagonal honeycomb formation only in 0.3 nanometers thickness. Graphene conducts electricity better than copper. It is 200 times stronger than steel but six times lighter. It is almost perfectly transparent to light. (Page 263)
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 45

4. Wohier Friedrich (1800 – 1882): German Chemist who was a student of Berzelius In attempting to prepare ammonium cyanate from silver cyanide and ammonium Chloride. he accidentally synthesized urea in 1828. This was the lust organic synthesis and shattered the vitalism theory.
TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds 46

Wohier pursued the matter further and discoiered that urea and ammonium cyanate had the same chemical fo.rnula, but very different chemical properties. This was an early discovery of Isomerism since urea has the formula CO(NH2)2 and ammonium cyanate has the formula NH4CNO. (Page 264)

5. We may compare amines to as we have done RON and R – 0 – R’ to H2O. If one Hydrogen Atom is replaced from NH3 by an alkyl group we get primary amines. If two hydrogen atoms of NH3 are replaced by two alkyl groups (same or different) we get secondary amines and if all the three hydrogen atoms are replaced by the same or different alkyl groups we get tertiary amines. (Page 269)

TS 10th Class Physical Science Important Questions Chapter 12 Carbon and its Compounds

6. The police officer asks the suspect to blow air Into a plastic bag through a mouthpiece of the detecting instrument which contains crystals of potassium di-chromate (K2Cr2O7). As K2Cr2O7 is a good oxidizing agent, it oxidizes any ethanol in the driver’s breath to ethanoic acid, Orange Cr2O72- changes to bluish-green Cr3+ during the process of the oxidation of alcohol The length of the tube that turned into green is the measure of the quantity of alcohol that had been drunk. Nowadays police are using even an electronic Instrument containing small fuel cell that measures the electrical signal produced when ethanol is in the breath is oxidized. The police even use the IR Spectra to detect the bonds C – OH and C – H of CH3– CH2OH. (Page 283)