Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy Questions and Answers AP Inter 2nd Year Civics Chapter 2

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AP Inter 1st Year Civics 2nd Lesson Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
What is the present status of the Right to Property?
Answer:

• Originally, it was guaranteed under Articles 19(1 )(f) and 31 of the Constitution. However, by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978, it was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights.
• It is a legal right under Article 300A of the Constitution of India, which states that no person shall be deprived of his property except by authority of law.

Question 2.
Mention any four Fundamental Rights.
Answer:
Fundament Rights are:

1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Freedom
3. Right against Exploitation
4. Right to Freedom of Religion
5. Cultural and Educational Rights
6. Right to Property
7. Right to Constitutional Remedies.

Question 3.
Classification of Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer:
The Constitution of India does not explicitly classify the Directive Principles of State Policy.
However, based on their content and purpose, they are broadly categorized into three types: Socialistic, Gandhian, and Liberal-Intellectual principles.

Question 4.
Mention any two Liberal Intellectual principles.
Answer:
Liberal Intellectual Principles are

1. Article 44 directs the State to endeavour to secure a Uniform Civil Code for all citizens throughout India.
2. Article 45 directs the State to endeavour to provide early childhood care and education to all children until they reach the age of six years.

Question 5.
Mention any two points related to Article 51 of the Indian Constitution.
Answer:
Article 51 directs the State to endeavour to:

a) Promote international peace and security
b) Maintain just and honourable relations between nations.

Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Describe the six freedoms of an Indian citizen.
Answer:
The Right to Freedom is a Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 19(1) of the Constitution of India. These rights are available only to Indian citizens and ensure individual liberty and democratic participation.

Article 19(1) provides the following freedoms:

1. Freedom of speech and expression.
2. Freedom to peaceful Assembly and without arms.
3. Freedom to form associations or unions.
4. Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
5. Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India.
6. Freedom to acquire, hold and dispose of property.
7. Freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade, or business.

Question 2.
Enumerate any four Fundamental Duties of a citizen.
Answer:
Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens, listed in Article 51A of the Constitution of India, are:

1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. To protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Question 3.
Explain the Right to Education.
Answer:
The Right to Education (RTE) is a Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 21A of the Constitution of India. It was introduced by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, which provides free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6 and 14 years.

The Amendments Related to Right to Education:

• Article 45 was revised to provide for early childhood care and education for children aged 0-6 years.
• Article 51 A(k) imposes a fundamental duty on parents to guardians to provide education to children between 6 and 14 years.
• Parliament enacted the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 to operationalise Article 21 A. The Act came into force on 1st April 2010.

Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
In which way the Indian Constitution provides its citizens protection against arrest and detention.
Answer:
The Constitution of India protects against arrest and detention through Article 22 under the Fundamental Rights.

Protection against Arrest and Detention

Article 22(1) and 22(2) guarantee the following four rights to a person arrested under ordinary law:

1. The right to be informed, as soon as possible, of the grounds of arrest.
2. The right to consult and be defended by a lawyer of one’s choice.
3. The right to be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours of arrest.
4. Protection from being detained beyond 24 hours without the magistrate’s authority.

These rights are available to both citizens and non-citizens. However, they do not apply to enemy aliens and persons detained under preventive detention laws. The protections in clauses Article 22(1) and 22(2) apply only to arrests for criminal or quasi-criminal acts, or acts prejudicial to public order or state security.

Preventive Detention – Article 22(4)

Article 22(4) provides safeguards for persons under preventive detention:

1. No preventive detention law may allow detention beyond three months unless an Advisory Board approves a longer period.
2. The Advisory Board must consist of persons qualified to be High Court judges.

Both Parliament and State Legislatures may enact preventive detention laws. However, only Parliament can enact a law permitting detention beyond three months without requiring opinion of an Advisory Board.

Question 2.
Bring out any eight differences between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer:
Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy are two key features of the Indian Constitution, both playing an important role in shaping a just and equitable society. However, they differ from each other in several ways as outlined below

Fundamental Rights and Directive principles of State policy:

Question 3.
Write any four Socialistic and Gandhian principles related to the Directive Principles of State Policy.
Answer:
The Constitution of India does not explicitly classify Directive Principles. However, based on their content and purpose, they can be broadly categorised as Socialistic, Gandhian and Liberal – Intellectual Principles.
1. Socialistic Principles: Socialistic principles reflect the Ideals of a democratic and socialist state and aim to ensure social and economic Justice.

2. Gandhian Principles: These principles are based on Gandhian ideology and reflect the programme of social and economic reconstruction proposed by Mahatma Gandhi during the Indian National Movement.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which Article of the Constitution abolishes untouchability?
1. Article-14
2. Article-17
3. Article-19
4. Article-42
Answer:
2. Article-17

Question 2.
The Directive Principles of State Policy are borrowed from the Constitution of which country?
1. U.S.A.
2. Ireland
3. South Africa
4. Canada
Answer:
2. Ireland

Question 3.
At present, how many Fundamental Duties are there in the Constitution of India?
1. 6
2. 7
3. 10
4. 11
Answer:
4. 11

Question 4.
Which part of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?
1. Part-III
2. Part-IV
3. Part-IVA
4. Part-V
Answer:
1. Part-III

Question 5.
Which committee recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution?
1. Sarkaria Committee
2. Varma Committee
3. Sardar Swaran Singh Committee
4. Balwantrai Mehta Committee
Answer:
3. Sardar Swaran Singh Committee

Question 6.
In which case the Supreme Court of India held that Parliament cannot ammend the fundamental rights?
1. Kesavananda Bharati
2. Shankari Prasad
3. Golaknath
4. Minerva Mills
Answer:
3. Golaknath

Question 7.
Which Article of the Indian Constitution deals with Judicial Review?
1. Article 12
2. Article 13
3. Article 14
4. Article 15
Answer:
2. Article 13

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Who suspends Fundamental Rights during a National Emergency __________
Answer:
President

Question 2.
The Right to Property was removed from the Fundamental Rights in the year __________
Answer:
1978

Question 3.
The concept of “equality before the law” was borrowed from the Constitution of which country __________
Answer:
United Kingdom

Question 4.
Which Article provides equal justice and free legal aid __________
Answer:
Article 39A

Question 5.
Which Article prohibits child labour __________
Answer:
Article 24

Question 6.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar rightly described which right as the ‘heart of the Indian Constitution’ ____________
Answer:
Right to constitutional remedies

One Word Answer

Question 1.
Who propounded the concept of the Rule of Law?
Answer:
A.V. Dicey

Question 2.
In which case Supreme Court said that constitutional ammendment under article 368 subjected to judicial review?
Answer:
Minerva Mills

Question 3.
Which Articles cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency?
Answer:
Articles 20 and 21

Question 4.
Which Article of the Indian Constitution deals with the Uniform Civil Code?
Answer:
Article 44