Phonetic Transcription Inter 1st Year English Grammar

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Inter 1st Year English Phonetic Transcription with Answers

Meaningful speech sounds are the basic raw material for any language. These sounds are represented by symbols in writing. We refer to these symbols as the alphabet.

Most of the Indian languages have a fixed relationship between the sounds and their symbols. In other words, one symbol always stands for one sound and vice versa. Therefore, we find absolutely no problem while reading or writing Indian languages once we learn the alphabet of that language.

The same is not the case with English. One letter may stand for many sounds. Example c as / k / in car, as / s/ in century as /t ʃ/ in change. One sound is also represented by various letters.
Ex: / f / is represented by ph’ in philosophy, by ‘f in fan, by gh’ in rough. This results in a lot of problems for the learners, particularly for foreign learners in writing the spelling and pronouncing the written words.

A way out of this probelm is a set of forty-four symbols, called phonetic symbols. Each of these symbols stands for one sound only. Learning these symbols arms us with the necessary weapons to war against the problems in pronunciation and spelling.

Study the following forty four phonetic symbols carefully and learn to identify and use them. Phonetic symbols are always placed between two Slant lines.

Vowels

1) / i: / as in see
2) /ɪ/ as in sit
3) /e/ as in ten
4) / æ / as in bat
5) /ɑː/ as in arm
6) / ɒ/ as in got
7) /ɔː/ as in saw
8) /u/ as in put
9) /u:/ as in too
10) /ʌ/ as in cup
11) /ɜː/ as in fur
12) /ə/ as in ago
13) /eɪ/ as in page
14) /əʊ/ as in home
15) /aɪ/ as in five
16) /aʊ/ as in cow
17) /ɔɪ/ as in boil
18) /ɪə/ as in near
19) /eə/ as in hair
20) /ʊə/ as in poor

Consonants

1) / p / as in pen
2) / b / as in bin
3) /t / as in tea
4) / d / as in dog
5) / k/ as in cat
6) / g / as in goat
7) /t ʃ/ as in change
8) / d ʒ / as in July
9) / f / as in fall
10) /v/ as in voice
11) /θ/ as in thin
12) /ð/ as in then
13) / s / as in so
14) / z / as in zoo
15) / ʃ / as in she
16) / ʒ / as in vision
17) / h / as in how
18) / n / as in may
19) / n / as in now
20) / ŋ / as in sing
21) /l/ as in long
22) / r / as in ring
23) /j/ as in yes
24) /w / as in wall

Writing the symbols that represent the sounds in a word is called phonetic transcript. In many examinations phonetic transcription is given and the examinee is asked to write the spelling of those words.

Look at the following words and their phonetic transcription and you will certainly have an idea of it:

Word – Transcription

1. almond – /ɑːmənd/
2. asthma – /ˈæsmə/
3. business – /ˈbɪznɪs/
4. bury – /ˈber.i/
5. cache – /kæʃ/
6. colonel – /ˈkɜːnl/
7. coupon – /ˈkuːpɒn/
8. chassis – /ˈʃæsɪ/
9. chaos – /ˈkeɪɒs/
10. choir – /ˈkwaɪər/
11. cucumber – /ˈkjuːkʌm.bər/
12. data – /ˈdeɪ.tə/
13. dengue – /ˈdɛŋɡi/
14. determine – /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/
15. debris – /ˈdeɪb.riː/
16. discretion – /dɪˈskrɛʃᵊn/
17. epitome – /ɪˈpɪtəmi/
18. extempore – /eksˈtempərɪ/
19. etc./ et cetera – /ɪtˈsɛt.ər.ə/
20. flour – /flaʊə/
21. forte – /ˈfɔːteɪ/
22. gauge – /ɡeɪʤ/
23. genre – /ˈʒɒn.rə/
24. iron – /aɪən/
25. itinerary – /aɪˈtɪnərəri/
26. jewellery – /ˈʤuːəlri/
27. mischievous – /ˈmɪsʧɪvəs/
28. photography – /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/
29. picture – /ˈpɪkʧər/
30. plumber – /ˈplʌm.ər/
31. poem – /ˈpəʊɪm/
32. police – /pəˈliːs/
33. pizza – /ˈpiːt.sə/
34. receipt – /rɪˈsiːt/
35. saloon – /səˈluːn/
36. sour – /ˈsaʊər/
37. status – /ˈstaeɪ.təs/
38. subtle – /ˈsʌtl/
39. suite – /swiːt/
40. vehicle – /ˈviə.kəl/
41. vegetable – /ˈveʤɪtəbəl/
42. violence – /ˈvaɪə.ləns/
43. vineyard – /ˈvɪnjɑːd/
44. Wednesday – /ˈwɛnz.deɪ/
45. women – /ˈwɪm.ɪn/

Exercises

Study the following phonetic transcriptions and write them in ordinary spelling.

1. Exercise from UNIT – 1

Question 1.
/kəˈmɛns/
Answer:
commence

Question 2.
/ˈfænsi/
Answer:
fancy

Question 3.
/ˈeɪlmənt/
Answer:
ailment

Question 4.
/dɪˈspeə(r)/
Answer:
despair

Question 5.
/ɡlɑːns/
Answer:
glance

Question 6.
/plʌnʤ/
Answer:
plunge

Question 7.
/fɪəs/
Answer:
fierce

Question 8.
/ˈblʌʤənɪŋ/
Answer:
bludgeoning

Question 9.
/ˈhæmpə(r)/
Answer:
hamper

Question 10.
/ˈsɜːkəmstɑːns/
Answer:
circumstance

2. Exercise from UNIT – 2

Question 1.
/pʌɡˈnæsəti/
Answer:
pugnacity

Question 2.
/ɪˈlæbərəɪt/
Answer:
elaborate

Question 3.
/ˈʤɒsl/
Answer:
jostle

Question 4.
/ˈɜːrʧɪn/
Answer:
urchin

Question 5.
/skɜːʤ/
Answer:
scourge

Question 6.
/ˈmʌŋɡrəl/
Answer:
mongrel

Question 7.
/ˈtrɛbəl/
Answer:
treble

Question 8.
/ˈmjuːtɪleɪt/
Answer:
mutilate

Question 9.
/slæk/
Answer:
Slack

Question 10.
/ˈpɛrɪʃ/
Answer:
perish

3. Exercise from UNIT – 3

Question 1.
/ˈslɔːtər/
Answer:
slaughter

Question 2.
/ˈθɪkɪt/
Answer:
thicket

Question 3.
/ˈvænɪʃ/
Answer:
vanish

Question 4.
/ˈænsɛstə(r)/
Answer:
ancestor

Question 5.
/ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/
Answer:
anguish

Question 6.
/ˈpænɪk/
Answer:
panic

Question 7.
/rɪˈtriːvd/
Answer:
retrieved

Question 8.
/ˈsɛntəns/
Answer:
sentence

Question 9.
/ˈprəʊtɛst/
Answer:
protest

Question 10.
/vɔːlt/
Answer:
vault

4. Study the following phonetic transcriptions and write ANY FIVE of them in their ordinary spelling.

Question 1.
/ˈʤiːniəli/
Answer:
genially

Question 2.
/rɛtrɪˈbjuːʃən/
Answer:
retribution

Question 3.
/ʌnˈkɒŋkərəbəl/
Answer:
unconquerable

Question 4.
/ˈkæpʃən ɒv maɪ səʊl/
Answer:
caption of my soul

Question 5.
/səʊl/
Answer:
soul

Question 6.
/kənˈtɛmpt/
Answer:
contempt

Question 7.
/ˈpreəri/
Answer:
prairie

Question 8.
/bɪˈfɔːl/
Answer:
befall

Question 9.
/kəˈlɪɡrəfi/
Answer:
calligraphy

Question 10.
/’endəskəʊp/
Answer:
endoscope

5. Study the following phonetic transcriptions and write ANY FIVE of them in their ordinary spelling.

Question 1.
/əˈblaɪʤ/
Answer:
oblige

Question 2.
/skɜː(r)ʤ/
Answer:
scourge

Question 3.
/ˈeɪlmənt/
Answer:
ailment

Question 4.
/ɪnˈdjuːs/
Answer:
induce

Question 5.
/spɑːrs/
Answer:
sparse

Question 6.
/ˈʤɒsəl/
Answer:
jostle

Question 7.
/ˈɪnəsəns/
Answer:
innocence

Question 8.
/ˈbɜːnɪŋ/
Answer:
burning

Question 9.
/kənˈvʌlʃən/
Answer:
convulsion

Question 10.
/ˈθrɒtl/
Answer:
throttle