Tenses Inter 1st Year English Grammar

For systematic learning, students can include AP Inter 1st Year English Study Material and Tenses in English Inter 1st Year in their daily study routine.

Inter 1st Year English Tenses with Answers

VERB:

A verb is a word that tells about an action, a state of being or existence, possession, or a change in state.

ఒక పనిని గురించి గాని, ఒక స్థితి గురించి గాని యాజమాన్యం గురించి గాని, స్థితిలో మార్పు గురించి గాని, తెలిపేది

e.g. : The boy cried.
I have a watch.
She is a nurse.
He became weak.

పై వాక్యాలలోని cried, have, is, became అను పదాలు పనిని గాని స్థితి గాని తెలుపుతున్నాయి. అందుచే అవి verbs.

TENSE

Tense : Tense is the form of the verb. It shows the time of the action or event. There are three tenses. They are :

1. Present Tense
2. Past Tense
3. Future Tense

The Use of the Tenses:

1. Simple Present Or Present Indefinite Tense :
i) It is used to express what actually happens at the time of speaking.
e.g.: Here comes John.

ii) It is used to express habitual action :
e.g. : I get up early in the morning.

iii) It is used to express general or universal truths :
e.g. : The earth is round. Stars twinkle.
Honesty is the best policy. Sugar is sweet.

iv) It is used to express future action that has already been planned :
e.g. : Our college reopens on 16th June.
He sails for England next Monday.

v) It is used to express historic present :
e.g.: i) Sivaji now sees the danger and immediately kills Afzul Khan with his lion-claws.
ii) Birbal now seizes the chance and cracks a joke on his rivals.

2. Present Continuous Tense :

i) It is used to express an action that is going on at the time of speaking :
e.g.: She is dancing – They are writing.
ii) It is used to express an action that will happen in the future.
e.g.: 1) I am going to Mysore tomorrow.

Note : The following verbs are not generally used in the Continuous Tense :
(ఈ క్రింది Verbs ను సామాన్యంగా Continuous Tense లో ఉపయోగించరాదు.)

• Verbs of sense of perception : hear, see, smell, notice, recognise, taste, feel.
• Verbs of appearing : look, seem, appear.
• Verbs of thinking : suppose, think, believe, realise, understand, know, imagine, mean, agree, consider, trust, remember, forget, expect, recall.
• Verbs of emotions : want, wish, desire, feel, like, love, hate, prefer, hope, refuse.

Miscellaneous :
own, possess, keep, concern, matter, owe, etc.
e.g. :He is looking fine. (Wrong)
He looks fine. (Correct)
I am believing you. (Wrong)
I believe you. (Correct)
She is understanding me. (Wrong)
She understands me. (Correct)
1 am hating you. (Wrong)
I hate you. (Correct)

3. Present Perfect Tense :
i) It is used to denote an action that has just been completed.
e.g.: The train has arrived.
They have finished the work.

ii) It is used to express a past action the result of which continues,
e.g.: I have not seen Ravi for many months.
He has been ill since Monday.

iii) It is used to refer to a past action in a more general way :
e.g.: Have you ever been to Simla ?

iv) A few adverbs or adverbial phrases are used with the Present Perfect Tense :
just, never, ever, so far, till, yet, already, since, today, this week, etc.
e.g.: I have just posted the letter.
So far he has not come.
He has not received the money yet.
This week there have been no rains.

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense :

It is used to refer to an action that begins in the past and continues through a given period of time up to the present moment.
e.g. : I have been waiting here for Ramu for two hours.
I have been waiting here for Ramu since 3 p.m.
Note : ‘For’ denotes period of time.
Since’ denotes point of time.

Observe the following sentences :
i) He has been painting the door for 2 p.m. (Wrong)
He has been painting the door since 2 p.m. (Correct)

ii) The workers have been demanding more wages since ten days. (Wrong)
The workers have been demanding more wages for ten days. (Correct)

5. Simple Past Or Past Indefinite Tense :
i) It is used to express the action completed in the past. Adverbs and adverbial phrases expressing Past time are often used with this tense.
(భూతకాలంలో పని పూర్తయినట్లయితే దానిని తెలుపుటకు Simple Past లేక Past Indefinite Tense ను వాడెదరు. భూతకాలాన్ని తెలిపే క్రియ విశేషణ పదాలు యీ tense లో ప్రయోగింపబడతాయి.)
e.g.: She met me yesterday.
The clerk did his work hurriedly.

ii) It is used to express a habitual action in the past.
(భూతకాలంలో అలవాటుగా చేసే పనులను విశదపరచుటకు Simnple Past Tense వాడెదరు.)
e.g.: People performed child marriages in olden days. While I was in Chennai, 1 spoke to others in Tamil.

6. Past Continuous Tense :
It is used to express an action that was still going on in the past time.
(భూతకాలంలో పని కొనసాగింపును Past Continuous Tense తెలుపును.)
e.g. : I met Raghu while he was standing at the college gate.
We noticed some birds which were flying.

7. Past Perfect Tense :
It is used to express an action which had been completed at some point in the past time before another action was started.
(భూతకాలంలో ముందు జరిగిన పనిని Past Perfect Tense లోను రెండవ పనిని Simple Past Tense లోను చెప్పాలి.)
e.g.: The train had left before they reached the station.
I had finished my work when Alfred came in.
(పై వాక్యాలలోని మొదటి పనిని ఉదాహరణంగా తీసుకుందాం. ఇందులో జరిగిన రెండు పనులు సూచింపబడ్డాయి. The train left. They reached the station. ఇందులో ముందు జరిగినది The train left. దీనిని Past Perfect Tense లో చెప్పాలి. అప్పుడు వాక్యం The train had left before they reached the station అయింది.)

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense :
It is used to show an action that had begun in the past and continued till some point of time in the past.
(భూతకాలంలోని ఒక పనిని ఎప్పుడో ప్రారంభించి, అదే పని కొంత కాలం వరకు కొనసాగుతున్నదని Past Perfect Continuous Tense లో తెలపాలి.)
e.g. : I had been watching TV for an hour when my uncle came to see me.
We had been playing hockey for three hours when it rained.
She had been passing the information for a long time before she was caught.

9. Simple Future Or Future Indefinite Tense:
It is used to express an action that will take place in future.
(భవిష్యత్తు కాలంలో జరగబోయే పనిని Simple Future Tense తెలుపును.)
e.g.: I shall meet you tomorrow.

10. Future Continuous Tense :
It is used to express an action going on at some point in future.
(భవిష్యత్తు కాలంలో కొనసాగే పనిని Future Continuous Tense తెలుపును.)
e.g.: She will be sleeping then.
We will be playing the match at this time tomorrow.
I shall be writing the examination at this time on Monday.

11. Future Perfect Tense :
It is used to express an action that will be completed at some point in future.
(భవిష్యత్తులో ఒక నిర్ణితాకాలానికి పని Future Perfect Tense పూర్తగునని విశదపరుచును
e.g. : I shall have done my work before you come.

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense :
It is used to refer to an action that will be in progress at a point in the future after continuing for a given period.
e.g.: I shall have been completing thirty years of service by next March.
I shall have been writing the examination for two hours by this time on Monday.

→ Tenses in Conditional Clauses :

Clauses that show conditions are called conditional clauses. Sentences with conditional clauses use fixed patterns of Tenses.

Conditions are of three types :

1. Real conditions
2. Unreal or improbable conditions and
3. Past unfulfilled conditions.

The tense forms used in a sentence are determined by the type of the condition in that sentence.

Look at the following examples:

1. If it rains, I will not come to your home.
   (Real condition – Simple present in the conditional clause and Simple Future in the main clause)
2. If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.
   (Unreal condition – Simple Past (were-even with I) in the conditional clause and would +V’ in the main clause)
3. If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.
   (Past unfulfilled condition – Past Perfect in the conditional clause and would + have + Past Participle of verb in the main clause).

The information may easily be noted in the table form.

Exercises For Practice

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
She usually __________ (cook) for the entire family.
Answer:
cooks

Question 2.
My brother often __________ (read) comics.
Answer:
reads

Question 3.
Students __________ (study) in the library daily.
Answer:
study

Question 4.
We __________ (go) to the market every Saturday.
Answer:
go

Question 5.
Raman __________ (go) to Tirupathi twice a year.
Answer:
goes

Question 6.
The hostelers __________ (watch) a movie every month.
Answer:
watch

Question 7.
Water __________ (boil) at 100°C.
Answer:
boils

Question 8.
__________ birds (fly) in the sky?
Answer:
Do, fly

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
I __________ (wait) for the bus right now.
Answer:
am waiting

Question 2.
Hark ! The cuckoo __________ (sing) beautifully.
Answer:
is singing

Question 3.
Don’t disturb! She __________ (study) for her ensuing exams this week.
Answer:
is studying

Question 4.
Look ! They __________ (practise) dance for the upcoming performance.
Answer:
are practising

Question 5.
See! He __________ (ride) a bullock cart while holding a stick.
Answer:
is riding

Question 6.
I __________ (study) to become a doctor. Don’t disturb me.
Answer:
am studying

Question 7.
Hurry up! The train __________ (move) while the kids are playing.
Answer:
is moving

Question 8.
The birds __________ (fly) in the sky now.
Answer:
are flying

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
I __________ already __________ (finish) my homework.
Answer:
have, finished

Question 2.
She __________ (visit) Paris three times.
Answer:
has visited

Question 3.
Gita’s English __________ (improve) since she joined college.
Answer:
has improved

Question 4.
Pavan __________ (meet) with an accident twice.
Answer:
has met

Question 5.
She __________ (be) to Delhi lately.
Answer:
has been

Question 6.
I __________ not __________ (see) him since last week.
Answer:
have, seen

Question 7.
The rain __________ not __________ (stop) yet.
Answer:
has, stopped

Question 8.
Rishi __________ just __________ (go) out to get something to eat.
Answer:
has, gone

4. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
I ___________ (learn) English for five years.
Answer:
have been learning

Question 2.
She __________ (work) at this company since last year.
Answer:
has been working

Question 3.
They __________ (wait) for the bus for over an hour.
Answer:
have been waiting

Question 4.
Jaya __________ (draw) a picture for two hours.
Answer:
has been drawing

Question 5.
I __________ (water) the plants in the garden and I am tired now.
Answer:
have been watering

Question 6.
Jaya __________ (teach) English since she joined the profession.
Answer:
has been teaching

Question 7.
How long she __________ (practise) music?
Answer:
has been practising

Question 8.
Where you __________ (live) all these years?
Answer:
have been living

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
I __________ (visit) my grandmother last weekend.
Answer:
visited

Question 2.
She __________ (finish) her homework before lunch.
Answer:
finished

Question 3.
Madhu __________ (go) to the beach yesterday.
Answer:
went

Question 4.
When _____ he __________ (write) the exam last year?
Answer:
did, write

Question 5.
__________ they __________ (plan) the meeting last month?
Answer:
Did, plan

Question 6.
They __________ (travel) to Japan two years ago.
Answer:
traveled

Question 7.
He __________ (forget) his wallet at home this morning.
Answer:
forgot

Question 8.
We __________ (talk) on the phone for thirty minutes last night.
Answer:
talked

6. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
I __________ (cook) dinner when the phone rang.
Answer:
was cooking

Question 2.
She __________ (talk) to her father at this time yesterday.
Answer:
was talking

Question 3.
__________ you __________ (study) for the exam at 7 PM yesterday?
Answer:
Were, studying

Question 4.
They __________ (play) golf when it started raining.
Answer:
were playing

Question 5.
He __________ (work) on his project all afternoon yesterday.
Answer:
was working

Question 6.
Padmini __________ (watch) TV when the power was off.
Answer:
was watching

Question 7.
At midnight, we __________ still __________ (drive) through the desert that day.
Answer:
were, driving

Question 8.
When John __________ (sleep), someone stole his car.
Answer:
was sleeping

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
By the time I arrived, they __________ already __________ (leave).
Answer:
had (already) left

Question 2.
We __________ never __________ (see) such a beautiful sunset before I went to Kochi.
Answer:
had (never) seen

Question 3.
After they __________ (eat), they went for a walk.
Answer:
had eaten

Question 4.
Only she understood the movie because she __________ (read) the book.
Answer:
had read

Question 5.
If I __________ (buy) lemons, I would have made lemon rice.
Answer:
had bought

Question 6.
I __________ (dream) of becoming an IAS officer, but I became a teacher.
Answer:
had dreamed

Question 7.
After they __________ (watch) the movie, they talked about it for hours.
Answer:
had watched

Question 8.
They __________ (vacate) the house before the owner came.
Answer:
had vacated

8. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
I __________ (wait) for the bus for over 30 minutes when it finally arrived.
Answer:
had been waiting

Question 2.
By the time I called her, she (work) on the project for hours.
Answer:
had been working

Question 3.
They __________ (run) for an hour before they took a break.
Answer:
had been running

Question 4.
She __________ (study) all night for the exam and was exhausted.
Answer:
had been studying

Question 5.
He __________ (try) to fix the car for hours when I arrived.
Answer:
had been trying

9. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
She __________ (buy) a new car next month.
Answer:
will buy

Question 2.
They __________ (start) the meeting at 10 AM tomorrow.
Answer:
will start

Question 3.
He __________ (finish) his homework after dinner.
Answer:
will finish

Question 4.
The team __________ (play) the championship match next month.
Answer:
will play

Question 5.
I __________ (help) you with your project later?
Answer:
Shall / Will, help

Question 6.
They __________ (build) a new library in the city next year.
Answer:
will build

Question 7.
She __________ (visit) her grandparents during the holidays.
Answer:
will visit

Question 8.
The weather forecast says it __________ (rain) tomorrow.
Answer:
will rain

10. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
At this time tomorrow, I __________ (work) on my project.
Answer:
will be working

Question 2.
We __________ (have) dinner with friends at 7 PM tomorrow.
Answer:
will be having

Question 3.
He __________ (play) football in the park at this time next week.
Answer:
will be playing

Question 4.
I __________ (watch) TV when she arrives tonight.
Answer:
will be watching

Question 5.
She __________ (work) on her project all evening tomorrow.
Answer:
will be working

Question 6.
They __________ (wait) for us at the station when we arrive.
Answer:
will be waiting

11. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
By next year, she __________ (complete) her degree in psychology.
Answer:
will have completed

Question 2.
By the time we arrive, the movie __________ (start).
Answer:
will have started

Question 3.
He __________ (travel) to five different countries by the end of summer.
Answer:
will have traveled

Question 4.
By the end of the week, we __________ (move) into our new house.
Answer:
will have moved

Question 5.
You __________ (save) enough money for your trip by next month.
Answer:
will have saved

12. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
By next year, she __________ (study) at the university for three years.
Answer:
will have been studying

Question 2.
They __________ (wait) for us for over an hour by the time we arrive.
Answer:
will have been waiting

Question 3.
By 2035, scientists __________ (work) on space exploration for decades.
Answer:
will have been working

Question 4.
I __________ (train) for the marathon for two months by the end of the year.
Answer:
will have been training

Question 5.
By 10 PM, we __________ (celebrate) his birthday for several hours.
Answer:
will have been celebrating

13. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
If we pay the bills, she __________ (go) home.
Answer:
will go

Question 2.
If you __________ (be) hungry, you may order online.
Answer:
are

Question 3.
If I have money, I __________ (visit) America.
Answer:
will visit

Question 4.
If Raju __________ (like) something, he will do anything.
Answer:
likes

14. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
If I were the president, I __________ (declare) every Saturday a holiday.
Answer:
would declare

Question 2.
If they __________ (tire), they would take rest.
Answer:
were tired

Question 3.
If we had more time, we __________ (study) more.
Answer:
would study

Question 4.
If you __________ (play) the game before, you would be skilled.
Answer:
had played

15. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.

Question 1.
If we had paid more attention in class, we __________ (understand) the lesson.
Answer:
would have understood

Question 2.
If I __________ (see) him at the meeting, I would have asked him.
Answer:
had seen

Question 3.
If he had tried well, he __________ (get) the first rank.
Answer:
would have got

Question 4.
If she __________ (take) care of herself, the problem would never have been raised.
Answer:
had taken

Exercises

1. Fill in the blanks with the suitable forms of the verbs given in the brackets.

Question 1.
By the time you arrive, I __________ (finish) my homework.
Answer:
will have finished

Question 2.
Don’t disturb! She __________ (study) for exams.
is studynig

Answer:
Question 3.
Right now, they __________ watch a movie.
Answer:
are watching

Question 4.
Hurry up! We __________ (go) to watch a film.
Answer:
are going

Question 5.
By next year, I __________ (graduate) from college.
Answer:
will have graduated

Question 6.
When I was in college, I __________ (write) articles for the school newspaper.
Answer:
wrote

Question 7.
They __________ (work) on the project all week.
Answer:
have been working

Question 8.
I __________ (not / like) this food since I was a child.
Answer:
have not liked

Question 9.
He __________ already __________ (leave) by the time they called.
Answer:
had, left

Question 10.
By the time we reach the station, the train __________ (leave).
Answer:
will have left

Question 11.
He __________ (be) my friend for over 10 years now.
Answer:
has been

Question 12.
I __________ (try) to fix the car when the mechanic arrived.
Answer:
was trying

Question 13.
They __________ ( build) the bridge in 2020.
Answer:
built

Question 14.
She _____ (wait) for me for over an hour now.
Answer:
has been waiting

Question 15.
At this time tomorrow, I __________ (fly) to New York.
Answer:
will be flying

Question 16.
Venkat __________ (win) the medal last month.
Answer:
won

Question 17.
I __________ (eat) dinner when you called last night.
Answer:
was eating

Question 18.
She __________ (call) me as soon as she finishes the meeting.
Answer:
will call

Question 19.
He __________ (not / come) to the party if he had known about it.
Answer:
would not have come

Question 20.
I __________ (learn) Spanish for three months now.
Answer:
have been learning

Question 21.
I __________ never __________ (meet) anyone like her before.
Answer:
have, met

Question 22.
He __________ (wait) for an hour before the train arrived.
Answer:
had been waiting

Question 23.
We often __________ (finish) our projects in time.
Answer:
often finish

Question 24.
My father __________ (buy) a bike for me next month.
Answer:
will buy

Question 25.
I __________ (study) every evening.
Answer:
study

Question 26.
The movie __________ (begin) when we arrived.
Answer:
had begun

Question 27.
I __________ (not / see) her in the office this week.
Answer:
have not seen

Question 28.
When we were kids, we __________ (go) to the beach every summer.
Answer:
went

Question 29.
She always __________ (get) up late.
Answer:
gets

Question 30.
The bell __________ just __________ (strike).
Answer:
has, struck

2. Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of the verbs given in the brackets:

Question 1.
She never __________ (take) coffee.
Answer:
takes

Question 2.
Ramani __________ (buy) the painting long ago.
Answer:
bought
were sleeping

Question 3.
Yesterday, when I went home, my kids __________ (sleep).
Answer:
has been learning

Question 4.
She _______ (learn) classical music for a long time.
Answer:

Question 5.
If you had asked him, he __________ (help) you.
Answer:
would have helped

3. Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of the verbs given in the brackets:

Question 1.
Right now, I __________ (work) on a project.
Answer:
am working

Question 2.
She __________ (be) always my best friend.
Answer:
has been

Question 3.
Sujatha __________ (go) to her native place tomorrow.
Answer:
is going

Question 4.
At this time tomorrow, she __________ (write) the exam.
Answer:
will be writing

Question 5.
If I were a bird, I __________ (fly) v
Answer:
would fly